每周一练：虚拟语气在名词从句中
虚拟语气在名词从句中1.在由suggest, demand, require, request, insist, order, command, propose等表示建议、请求、命令、愿望等动词或其同根词引出的名词从句中，名词从句虚拟句的谓语变化的形式只有一条规律——名词从句虚拟句无论其主句的谓语动词时何种形式，从句的谓语形式均为should+动词原形，其中should可以省去。（特别提醒：不是用would,而是用should。）
常见的这类动词有: ask要求, advise, beg, suggest建议, command命令, demand要求，request请求, insist, require要求, order下令, propose, advice, recommend, intend, prefer宁愿, permit, persuade, expect, decide决定, instruct, object, determine, urge, appoint等等
Our teacher suggested that we (should) not leave the classroom. 老师建议我们不要离开教室。
He insisted that she do it right now. 他坚持她马上就做。
在It is/was +上述动词的-ed形式+that从句中
It is suggested by the doctor that I should give up smoking. 医生建议我戒烟。
当上述动词以其名词形式出现，并且被用作主语，引导一个表语从句或者同位语从句时
My suggestion is that we (should) set out tomorrow morning. 我建议我们明早动身。
The suggestion that the sports meeting (should) put off
在It is /was necessary, important等形容词+that从句中，常见的这类形容词有:necessary, important, essential, vital, advisable, urgent, desirable, natural, strange, imperative等
It is necessary that you should attend the meeting. 你有必要参加会议。
It is imperative that you arrive there in time. 你必须按时到达那儿。
在It is a pity (a shame, no wonder)+that从句中
It is a pity that you fail the exam.
It is no wonder he be late for class.
注意1：insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气
Insist ①表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即should + do;
Insist ②表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。
Suggest ①表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。
Suggest ②表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。
I insisted that he was right.我坚持认为他是对的。
Your pale face suggests that you are ill.你苍白的脸表明你病了。
注意2：It’s (high/right) time that… that从句要用虚拟语气：谓语用过去时或should + do ，should不可略。It’s time that you left here.或It’s time that you should leave here.
2.wish 后面的宾语从句的谓语动词应使用虚拟语气，表示“可惜…；….就好了；悔不该…；但愿…。”
主句谓语
从句谓语
wish
时态
谓语动词的形式
现在时
表示与wish同时发生
动词用过去时
be动词用were
过去时
表示在wish之前发生的动作
动词用had done
be用had been
将来时
表示在wish之后发生的动作
动词用would do; should do
be 用would be ; should be
I wish I knew the key to the answer.
I wish I were ten years younger.
I wish that I had gone to the football match last week.
I wish that you had been here yesterday.
He wishes that we would visit the old school.
How I wish these boys would be quiet.
二、其它句式
1、if only 意为：若是...那该多好啊; 真希望...; 只要, 只要...就好。表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气
If only I had arrived in time! 我要是能及时来，那该多好啊！
If only she had not driven so fast. 她要是没开那么快该多好啊。
2、would rather+从句 谓语用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是…… 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。过去的动作，谓语则用过去完成时。
John wants to see me today. I would rather he cametomorrow than today.
约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)
（一）适当形式填空
1.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young.
2.It is about time that fence ______(mend).
3.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem.
4.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) down yesterday.
5.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say).
6.He talked as if he _____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it.
7.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box.
- ---- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.”
8.He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time.
9.He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting.
10.If a metal ______(heat), it will expand.
11.I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening.
12.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work.
13.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her.
14.What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down.
15.Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night.
16.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does.
17.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid.
18.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad.
19.Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics.
20.I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive).
21.The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them.
22.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late.
23.Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you.
24.A less conscientious man ______(not, try) so hard to get this job done.
25.Isn’t it surprising that he ______(have) two car accidents during the past week?
（二）翻译句子：
1、我们万一不能及时完成这个任务怎么办？
2、有人建议我们举行一次讲演比赛。
3、你其实可以让我帮助你的。
4、现在是认真研究这个问题的时候了。
5、真遗憾他竟然忘记通知你们这件事了。
6、对这些学生的全部要求是努力学习，遵守规章制度。
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参考答案：
（一）适当形式填空
1. had studied 2 were mended 2. (should) hold4. should have broken / broke 5. had understood / said6. had done / did 7. had/came 8. had been9. were addressing 10. is heated 11. will stay12. would stop 13. should not have seen / waved 14. be cut 15. have stayed16. worked 17. were 18. would have invited / had already come19. would be 20. drove 21. should have arrived 22. would feel23. had been / could not have done 24. would not have tried25. should have had
（二）翻译句子
1.What if we could not fulfill the plan in time?
2.It is suggested that we (should) hold a speech contest.
3.You might have asked me to lend you a hand.
4.It is time we studied this problem seriously.
5.What a pity that they should have forgotten to tell you about it!
6.All that is required of the students is that they should study hard and obey the discipline.
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