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2009年牛津版高二英语上学期非谓语动词练习题1

  非谓语动词的用法比较
  1、 动词不定式与动词-ing(动名词)作主语时的比较:
  不定式作主语通常表示"具体动作"或"某个特定的情况"。动名词作主语通常表示"抽
  象动作或泛指一般情况"。如:
  It's not good for you to smoke so much.(特指)
  Smoking is a bad habit, which you should get rid of. (泛指)
  2、 动词不定式、动词-ing(动名词、现在分词)与过去分词作表语时的比较:
  (1)动词不定式、动词-ing(动名词)作表语时,前者表示某一具体动作,特别是将
  来的动作,而后者表示比较抽象的一般行为。如:
  Our job today is to sweep the floor.      The ant queen' job is laying eggs.
  (2) 现在分词、过去分词作表语,表示主语的性质、特点和状态。如:
  The news I heard just now is very astonishing.
  The car is broken and we have to have it repaired.
  3、动词不定式、动词-ing(动名词、现在分词)与过去分词作定语时的比较:
  (1)动词不定式、动词-ing(动名词)作定语时,前者放在被修饰名词的后面,后
  者则放在被修饰名词的前面,说明其所修饰名词的用途。
  A .She was the first woman to climb the highest mountain in the world. (修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all , any等限定的中心词。)
  B. She has no ability to read and write Chinese. (抽象名词常见的有:ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time等。)
  C.I borrowed some books intended for children to read during my holiday. (表将来)
  D. a sitting room=a room for sitting
  (2)现在分词和过去分词作定语,单个的常放在被修饰名词的前面,说明其所修饰的
  名词的性质或特征;如是短语,常放在被修饰的名词后面,前者相当于一个定语从句,表示"说话时正在进行"或"与谓语动词同时进行"或"经常性"的动作;而后者也相当于一个定语从句,分词所表示的动作一般"先  
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