2011暑假必备宝典之高一英语知识点总结Unit11-12
高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit11-12
☆重点句型☆
1. What do you think the music comes from?
do you think 作插入语
2. You want to find a good sang to dance to.
不定式作后置定语
3. If only they could find a way to get to the room.
If only 的用法
4. He was just about to say something when Peter turned around.when 的用法
5. What do you have in mind?表示“心里想着某事”
6. The next time you look for a tape, don't just look for Chinese or American music. 名词引导时间状语从句
7. It looked as if the creature had moved. as if 的用法
☆重点词汇☆
1. traditional adj. 传统的
2. instrument n. 工具，器械
3. perform vt. / vi. 表演，执行
4. characteristic n. 特点
5. contain vt. 包含
6. intelligence n. 智力
7. spread vt. / vi. 传播，伸展
8. variety n. 多样性，种类
9. universal adj.通用的，世界的
10. record vt. / vi. / n. 记录，录音，唱片
11. satisfy vt. 满足
12. desire n. / vt. 心愿，期望
13. emotion n. 情感
14. musician n. 音乐家
15. express vt. 表达
16. literature n. 文学，文艺
17. comedy n. 喜剧
18. power n. 能力，力量
19. habit n. 习惯
20. whisper v. / vt./ vi. 耳语，低声说
21. treat v. / n. 对待，请客
22. entertain v. 使人快乐
☆重点短语☆
1. have much in common 有很多共同之处
2. turn...into... 把……变成
3. a series of 一连串的，一系列的
4. in trouble 在困境中
5. turn around 转过身
6. believe in 信任，信仰
7. come across 偶然遇到
8. take turns 轮流
9. on the other hand 在另一方面
10. make a decision做决定
11. make fun of 取笑
12. think well of 高度评价
13. be similar to与……相似
14. compare...with...把……和……比较
15. make suggestions 提出建议
16. the latest style 最新的式样
17. make money 赚钱
18. dance to 和着……的节奏跳舞
19. be satisfied with 对……感到满意
20. pick up 捡起，接收
21. make a record 制作唱片
22. play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人
短语闯关
下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据
汉语在横线上填入一个正确的词，每个词5分，80分才
能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我
们就开始吧?
1. ____ common 共同(的)；共有(的)
2. turn...____ 把……变成
3. a ____ of 一连串的；一系列；一套
4. ____ trouble 处于困境中；有麻烦
5. come ____ 偶然遇见，碰上
6. believe ____ 信任；信仰；支持，赞成
7. turn ____ 转过身；转过来
8. ____ a decision 作决定
9. ____ easy 感到舒心
10. ____ instruments 演奏乐器
11. ____ one's inner desire 满足内心的欲望
12. ____ an arts festival 举办艺术节
13. ____ the same goals 有共同的目标
14. get ____ 到达；做完；通过；度过；打通
15. ____ sb badly 虐待某人
16. ____... with / to 和……作比较
17. ____ magic tricks 看魔术
18. have... ____ mind想到；想着
19. dance ____ music / a song / a tune 按音乐／歌曲／曲调的节拍跳舞
20. a world ____ 无数……，大量……，许多……
☆交际用语☆
1. Why not have another try?
2. What/How about going out for a swim this Sunday afte- rnoon?
3. In my opinion, you should [ had better wait another ten minute.
4. Maybe it would be better to ...
5. That's a good idea.
6. I'd love to, but ...
7. What can you suggest?
8. Nothing can stop me from ...
9. Well, that's settled.
10. Personally, I believe ...
☆词汇短语☆
【考点2】common 的用法
▲ 搭配：
① the commons 普通人．老百姓
② out of (the) common 不寻常的，特殊的
③ have nothing in common (with) (与……)没有共同
之处
【考例2】 In the early days of the American．
West, gun fights were not ____ for the water re—
sources, and laws...
A. unlawful B. unacceptable
C. unpopular D. uncommon
[考查目标]本题考查 common 等派生词的用法和词义。
[答案与解析]Duncommon 的意思是“不寻常的，不常
见的”’而 unlawful 的意思是“不违法的”；unacceptable
“不接受的”；unpopular “不受欢迎的”“不普遍的”。
15. compare v. 比较，比作
[拓展] comparison n. 比较
[词组] compare...with 把……和……相比较
Compare this with that, and you'll see which is better.
把这个同那个比较一下，你就会知道哪一个更好了。
[链接]compare...to...把……比作……
Life is often compared to a stage.
人生经常被比作舞台。
He compared young people to the rising sun.
他把年轻人比作正在升起的太阳。
compared to / with...(与……相比)用于句首或句未
作状语
Compared to / with many others, you're really a lucky
dog.
与许多其他的人相比，你确实足个幸运儿。
【考点9】contain 的用法
▲ 构词：container n. 容器(箱、盆、罐、壶、桶、坛子)，集
装箱
▲ 搭配：
① be contained between / within 含于……间，(夹)在
……之间
② contain oneself 自制
▲ 辨析：contain；include；hold 都含“包含”、“容纳”的
意思。
contain 着重“其中确实包含有，侧重全部”；而include
强调部分内容或范围。例如：
The bottle contains water. 这个瓶子里有水。
Three students went there, including my English teach—
er.
hold 指“能容纳”。例如：
The house holds 20 people. 这房子能住下20人。
【考例9】 They also ____ the very
worst parts of a society: violent crime, racial discrimi—
nation and poverty.
A. maintain B. obtain
C. contain D. sustain
[考查目标] 本题考查contain的意思。
[答案与解析] Ccontain的常见意思是“包含”。
6. desire vt. 希望得到，渴望，一种强烈的欲望
We all desire happiness and health.
我们都希望得到幸福和健康。
I have long desired to meet you.
我一直渴望见到你们。
The people expressed their desire that the war (should)
come to an end soon.
人们渴望战争早日结束。
Your parents always try their best to satisfy aIl your
desires.
你父母总是尽力满足你所有的愿望。
[词组] have desire for sth. 渴望得到……
sarisfy one's desires 满足某人的欲望／愿望
desire for sth. 渴望得到……
desire to do sth. 渴望做……
desire sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做……
【考点5】discover的用法
▲构词：
① discoverer n. 发现者
② discovery n. 发现．发明的东西
▲辨析：discover；disclose
两者比较一般的含义是“揭示出来”。
discover是通用词，在表示“发现”的时候，它的内涵是
被探索或被揭示物早就客观存在。例如：
Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed,
but so far, the archaeologists have been unable to dis—
cover her identity. 尽管她的年代离现在已经很久远了，
但是她的确很有风姿，然而至今考古学家尚不能探明
她是那尊女神。
disclose 表示把未宣布的事情“透露”出来。例如：
She disclosed that she had been married for a month.
她透露自己已经结婚一个月了。
【考例5】 I continued playing football at
school and ____ my love for it I joined a private
team coached by my school coach.
A. reconsidered B. rediscovered
C. reformed D. replaced
[考查目标] 本题考查discover派生词的意思。
[答案与解析] Brediscover的意思是“重现，再现”。
【考点7】offer的用法
▲ 搭配：
① offer sb. sth / sth. to sb 向某人提供／提出……
②offer (sb) some money for sth (向某人)出价……购
买……
③ offer to do sth 主动提出干某事
▲辨析：offer，present这两个动词比较一般的含义为
“给”。
offer在现代英语中大致有三层意思：
(1) 把某物拿出来给对方，对方可能接受，也可能拒绝。
(2) 提出某事让对方考虑。
(3) 给某人某物，基本上相当于give的含义。例如：
He offered a few ideas to improve the plan. 他提出了一
些改进这个计划的意见。
present可以表示正式的呈递，在其他的用法中，与of—
fer下面的第三个含义相似。例如：
The servant presented sandwiches to each guest. 仆人把
三明治递给了每一位客人。
【考例7】 They've ____ us ￡150，000
for the house. Shall we take it?
A. provided B. supplied
C. shown D. offered
[考查目标] 本题考查offer与其近义词之间的区别。
[答案与解析] Doffer为“(善意的)提供”，从句意可
以看出这一点。
考点8】perform的用法
▲ 构词：performance n. 履行，执行，成绩．性能，表
演，演奏
▲ 搭配：
① put on / give a perform 表演
② perform one's duties 尽责任
【考例8】 The operations are ____
with different tools.
A. preferred B. performed
C. provided D. practiced
[考查目标] 本题考查perform的词义。
[答案与解析]Bperform 除了有“表演”的意思以外，
还有“操作”等别的意思。
1. perform vt. / vi. 演出，表演，演奏，执行
performance n. 表演
give / put on a performance 演出；上演(节目)
He also performed a part in a play.
他也在剧中扮演了一个角色。
The five-year-old girl performed perfectly on the piano.
那个五岁的小女孩熟练地演奏钢琴。
One should always perform what he promises.
说了就应当兑现。
Which doctor performed the operation?
这个手术是哪位医生做的?
【考点4】pick的用法
▲构词：pick-pocket n. 扒手
▲搭配：
① pick and steal 小偷小摸
② pick out 挑出，拣出；辨别出，区别出；弄明白，领
会 (文章等的意义)
③ pick up 拾起；(车、船)在途中搭人、带货；(未经正式
介绍)结识朋友；(偶然、无意地)获得、得到、学会
(语言、技术等)；恢复健康；(从收音机里)收听到，
(用雷达等)看到，听到。探测到
④ pick oneself up (跌倒后)再爬起来；振作精神
⑤ pick up (health) 恢复健康
⑥ pick up speed 加速
⑦ pick up with sb 结识，与……交朋友
▲辨析：choose；select；pick
这组动词都有“挑选”的意思。
choose 强调在“选择”某物时的意愿，特别是当供挑选
物只有两个时，我们应当用choose。例如：
He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and
is fully aware of the consequences. 他故意地选择了他
所过的生活．并且深知其后果。
有好几个东西供选择时，最好用select。因为有较多的
被挑选物或挑选人就必须加以鉴别。例如：
They will hardly know which facts to select from the
great mass of evidence that steadily accumulates. 大量
的史料不断聚积．他们难以判断从中选择哪些史实。
But, of the vertebrates, unpredictable Nature selected
only snakes (and one lizard).
但是，在脊椎动物中，神秘莫测的大自然只选择了蛇
(和一种蜥蜴)。
pick 在用作“挑选”时，不强凋鉴别，也不强调意愿。例
如：
On the village green，where you pick up sides and no
feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to
play simply for the fun and exercise. 在一块乡村草坪
上．你为双方挑选队员．并不涉及地方感情问题，只有
这样才可能单纯为娱乐和锻炼而赛球。
【考例4】 ____ the kettle (水壶) of
boiling water, she moved quietly towards the door.
A. Putting down B. Laying aside
C. Picking up D. Taking away
[考查目标] 本题考查pick up的意思。
[答案与解析] C pick up的常见意思是“捡起，拿起”。
8. power 权力，功率，动力
powerful adj. 强大的，有力的
powerless adj. 无能的
[词组] come into power 掌权
in power 掌权
beyond / out of power 不能胜任的
power plant / station 发电厂
Which Party is in power?
现在哪个党执政?
The power of the governments has increased greatly
over the past century.
近一个世纪以来，政府的权力大大增强了。
He turned on the power and the machine worked.
他打开电源，机器就工作了。
10. record 记录，唱片 vt. / vi. 记录下来，记载，录制
He still holds / keeps the record of the high jump.
他仍然保持着跳高记录。
His records are popular with young students.
他的唱片很受青年学生的欢迎。
Her diary records all the happenings of the day.
她的日记记载着当天发生的所有事情。
The programme was recorded.
那个节目被录了下来。
[词组] make records 制作唱片
write a record of 记载下
break a record 打破一项记录
set a new record 创新记录
keep a record of 记录着
5. satisfy vt. 使人满意，满足
satisfied adj. 满意的
satisfactory / satisfying adj.令人满意的
satisfaction n. 满意
[词组】be satisfied with 对……满意
be satisfied to do sth. 满意做某事
a satisfied smile / look 满意的微笑／神色
a satisfying ending / result / meal 令人满意的结局／结
果／饭菜
We must satisfy (= meet) the people's needs /
demand.
我们必须满足人民的需要。
All this information was not enough to satisfy them.
所有这些情况都没能使他们满意。
From his satisfied look I know he is satisfied to work
here.
从他满意的神情可以看出，他很满意在这里工作。
Working with her was our most satisfying activity.
和她一起工作是最使我们感到满意的活动。
【考点3】satisfy的用法
▲ 构词：
① satisfaction n. 满意，满足；令人满意的事物；补偿／报
复 (的机会)
② satisfactory adj. 令人满意的 (to)，圆满的，良好的
③ satisfying adj. 令人满足的。令人满意的
④ satisfied adj. 感到满意的
▲ 搭配：
① satisfy sb with sth 使……对……感到满意；使……
满足于……
② be satisfied with 对……感到满意
③ satisfy sb that—clause / of sth 使……对……感到信
服；使相信
④ feel satisfaction at / in对……感到满意
⑤ receive / get satisfaction from 对…感到满意
⑥ to sb's satisfaction = to the satisfaction of sb 令某人
满意／确信
⑦ with satisfaction 满意地
【考例3】 Nick is looking for another
job because he feels that nothing he does ____ his
boss.
A. serves B. satisfies
C. promises D. supports
[考查目标] 动词satisfy的词义。
[答案与解析] B satisfy 的意思是“令人满意”。本句
比较复杂，nothing 是 satisfy 的主语，he does 是定语从
句。
4. similar adj. 相似的
similarly adv. 相类地，similarity 类似
be similar to sb. / sth. in... 在……与某人／某物相似
We have similar tastes in music.
我们在音乐方面爱好相似。
Gold is similar in colour to brass.
金与黄铜的颜色相似。
Your views on education are similar to mine.
你的教育观点和我的相似。
【考点6】sound的用法
▲ 构词：soundless adj. 无声的
▲ 搭配：
① in / within (the) sound of 在能听见……的地方
② sound in mind and limb 身体健全的
【考例6】 It caughl him right on the
ground without a ____.
A. word B. voice C. noise D. sound
[考查目标] 本题考查 sound 和其近义词的区别。
[答案与解析] Dsound为普通的“声音”，noise为“噪
音”，voice一般用来指“人的声音”。
【考点10】spread的用法
▲搭配：
① spread out 张开，伸开，铺开，扩大／张，展开，伸长
② spread A on / over B = spread B with A 把 A 铺／敷
于B上
【考例10】After a short time, the bad news had ____
all over the city and everybody knew it.
A. scattered B. spread
C. covered D. announced
[考查目标] 本题考查动词 spread 的词义。
[答案与解析] Bspread 的词义是“蔓延；传播开采”，
既是及物动词又是不及物动词。它的过去分词和过去
式的变化是spread。
【考点1】suggest 的用法
▲ 构词：suggestion n. 提议，意见，暗示，微量
▲ 搭配：
① suggest sth to sb 向某人提议／建议某事
② suggest (to sb) that-clause
友情提示：此句型中，suggest作第1种意思时常用虚拟
语气，作第2种意思时用陈述语气。
③ suggest doing sth 提议 / 建议做某事
④ make / offer a suggestion 提议，建议
【考例1】 Jane's pale face suggested that
she ____ ill, and her parents suggested that she
____ a medical examination．
A. be; should have B. was; have
C. should be; had D. was; has
[考查目标] suggest的宾语从句特点。
[答案与解析] Bsuggest表示“建议”时，从句用虚拟
语气；suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，从句用陈述语气。
12．treat
(1)及物动词“对待，看待，处理，视为”。treat
somebody badly 虐待某人；treat somebody / something
as... 把某人／某物看作是……。
She treats me aS her closest friend.
她把我看作是她的最亲密的朋友。
(2)及物动词“治疗”。
The doctor treated his fever with pills.
医生用药片治疗他的发烧。
(3)不及物动词“款待。”
treat sb. to dinner 请某人吃饭
Whose turn is it to treat next time?
下次该谁请客?
(4)名词“款待，请客，乐事”。
This is my treat. 这次我请客。
It's a treat to meet you. 见到你真高兴。
[拓展] treatment n. 治疗
3. variety n. 多样(性)，种类，变化
He left for a variety of reasons.
他由于种种原因而离开了。
We should give variety to the programme.
我们要把节目办得丰富多彩。
[拓展]various adj. 各种各样的；vary v. 改变，变化
[牛刀小试1]
用所给单词的适当形式填空：
(spread, satisfy, contain, common, suggest, perform,
pick, offer, sound)
1. His face ____ he was badly ill, but his uncle
suggested we not send him to the hospital.
2. Our chemistry teacher ____ the experiment
while we sat in front of her.
3. We should ask the children to eat more vegetables
which ____ a lot of vitamins
4. We realized that all of the sheep were lost in the for-
est, according to our ____ knowledge.
5. With the news ____, all the peasants left their
hometown for the beach.
6. The young man was fired because everything he did
in the company couldn't ____ his boss.
7. What the professor said ____ reasonable.
8. They were too tired, so they waited on the side of the
road, waiting for someone to ____ them up.
9. We waited for a long time and then were ____
some coffee.
【短语归类】
【考点l】come构成的短语
① come up with 找到，提出(答案、解决办法)
② come across 碰上，偶然碰上，被理解，发现
③ come along 进展，进步，一道来
④ come down 下来，降低，下降，着陆
⑤ come true 实现
⑥ come over 过来，顺便来访
⑦ come in 进来
⑧ come to oneself 苏醒，恢复知觉
⑨ come on 来吧，跟着来，赶快
⑩ come out 出来，出版，发(芽)，开花
⑩ come about 发生
⑧ come back 回来．流行
⑩ come to 共计，达到，达成，恢复知觉，苏醒
⑩ come round 来，过访
⑩ come through 经历 (困难等)
[例句] She came up with a new idea for increasing
sales. 她想出了增加销售量的新主意。
It came out that he'd been telling a pack of lies. 后来才
知道他一直在说谎。
Why don't come over t0 Beidaihe for a holiday in sum—
mer? 你怎么不在夏天到北戴河来度假呢?
The price of petrol is coming down thanks to the in—
crease of production. 由于产量的增加，石油的价格在下
跌。
He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't come
across. 他讲了很长时间，但他的意思没有人真正理解。
The crocuses came out late this year because of the cold
weather. 因为天气寒冷，今年藏红花开得晚。
It suddenly came to her that she had been wrong all
along. 她突然想到她一开始就错了。
【考例l】(1996上海) We are all going to the games.
Why don't you come ____?
A. up B. across
C. along D. to
[考查目标] 此题主要考查come构成的短语的用法。
[答案与解析] Ccome up 升起，被讨论，出现；come
across 被理解，被传达，碰见，偶然遇到；come along 进
展，进步，一道来；come to 共计，达到，达成。本句话意
思是“我们要去参加比赛，你为什么不一道去?”
13. come across
(1) come across作“碰到”，“(偶然)发现或遇见”解。
In the course of the experiment, they canle across some
new problems.
在实验过程中他们碰到一些新问题。
(2) come across 有时可作“穿过”、“越过……而来”解
释。
The Eighth Route Army easily came across the enemy
lines.
八路军轻易地越过了敌人的防线。
[联想]表示“(偶然)遇见”还可用以下形式表达：
run acrossmeet with happen to meet
run into meet…by chance to meet
2. in common 公用，共有；共同
These two houses have a COUrt in common.
这两家合用一个院子。
Hip-hot and rap have much in common with blues and
rock.
希荷普和说唱(音乐)与布鲁斯和摇滚(音乐)有许多
共同之处。
In common with everyone else I hold that he is right.
同大家一样，我也认为他是对的。
14. in trouble意为“处于困境中，有麻烦”。介词in表示
“处于……状态中”。如：
A person with good manners never laughs at people
when they are in trouble.
一个有礼貌的人绝不会嘲笑身处困境的人们。
He was in trouble with the customs.
他在海关那儿遇到了麻烦。
[联想]be a great trouble to 对……来说很麻烦
ask for trouble 自找麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事困难
get into trouble 陷入困境
there be trouble (in) doing sth. (同上)
make trouble 制造麻烦
take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事
save / spare trouble 省事，避免麻烦
put sb. to the trouble of doing 麻烦某人做某事
put sb. to trouble 给某人添麻烦
页:
[1]
2