2012年复习之高考英语主旨大意题技术②
2012年高考英语冲刺复习考试技术2．常识推断：有些时候，文章里并没有提供任何可据以推断的材料，或虽有提供，但却不足以推出正确的未知事实。这时便须根据平常积累的有关知识来进行推断。
例： Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.
If metal is heated and then cooled very quicky， for example by dipping it in water， it will be very hard but also very brittle（脆）--that is， it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as is wished， by annealing it. The metal is heated， and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly， the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other mate rials， such as glass. Why do people put hot metal in water？ A. To make it hard. B. To make it soft. C. To make it cool. B. To make it brittl
从文中“by dipping it in water，it will be very hard but also very brittle.”这一信息还不足以推出正确答案。然后根据物理常识，在制造各种工具时，往往采取淬火这一工艺，其目的是使金属变硬以便制成锋利的工具。即可推出选项A为正确答案。
3．逻辑结论：这类推断比前两种困难得多。在阅读过程中，读者必须对文章的全部事实或细节作通盘考虑，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论。结论是根据事实作出的惟一决定。要想从一个句子，一个段落或一篇文章中得出正确的结论，读者必须学会善于思考，不断提高自己的逻辑思维能力。
例 Have you ever heard of a sport called tubing？ Hundreds of people float down a rushing river at once in old truck-tire tubes. Sometimes many hold hands. At first the ride is bumpy and frightful， for the narrow river rushes swiftly. Then the river widens and grows calm. Never try tubing alone or in rapids， however.
The story suggests that tubing________.
A. should not be done in moving water
B. is done mainly by truck drivers
C. costs a lot of money
D. can be dangerous
根据文中内容数百人乘坐着旧卡车，轮胎在湍急的河水中向下游漂去，颠簸而可怕，可推知这项运动是十分危险的。D项为正确答案。
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