高考英语“七选五”这样做：基础差也可以得满分！

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小编语：七选五题型中有5处空白，在阅读过程中，考生如果不明白文章的主旨、段落主题和作者的写作意图，就很难顺畅地读下去、读明白，自然就很难做出正确选择。一个空填错势必会影响到另外一个空的选择。另外，此题型有两个干扰选项，从而又加大了选出正确答案的难度。因此掌握七选五的解题步骤和技巧对考生而言尤为重要。

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    解题步骤,出思路
    第一步：认真阅读文章的开头部分，以明确文章的基本话题;
    第二步：快速阅读全文其他重点词句，包括首尾段、每段的首尾句以及文章中带转折词的句子，以便掌握文章大意;第三步：仔细阅读各个选项，并画出关键词;
    第四步：阅读各个空的前后句，并画出关键词;
    第五步：对比并匹配上述两类关键词，并按照先易后难的顺序选出答案。一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记，以免分散注意力;
    第六步：将选项带入文章中重读，依据行文逻辑检查核对，再次确定所选答案。
    细节策略，出效果
    策略一：根据试题位置确定不同解题策略
    1.如果选项在句首：通常是段落主题句，应根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，以推断出主题句。
    【典型示例】
    (2017届青岛质检)40 . Stress and worry can lead to depression. Talk to a teacher if exams or classes seem overwhelming. In addition, if you have a health concern you feel you cant talk to your parents about, see a doctor. A health professional can help you approach your parents and guide you toward appropriate treatment. If you are dealing with relationship, friendship, or family problems, talk to an adult you trust.
    【线索分析】
    本段中出现的Talk to a teacher, talk to your parents, see a doctor和talk to an adult均表示向他人求助;另外还可根据结构一致法得出答案，因为前几条建议均为祈使句，因此所选答案也应为祈使句。综合这两点只有选项A(Ask for help if you are stressed)符合要求，如果感到焦虑你就要寻求帮助，这是本段的主题句。
    2.如果选项在段尾：这种情况下通常是结论性、概括性的语句，考生应注意在选项中查找表示结论、总结意义的关键词，如therefore, as a result, thus, in short等。
    【典型示例】
    (2017北京海淀模拟)Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. 75
    【线索分析】
    文章主要讲述了"白日做梦"有助于创造性思维的开发，空处出现在段尾，很可能是一句总结性的句子。结合上句话"好的想法随时会出现"可知，带个本子随时记显得尤为重要，因此答案为G项(Therefore, it is a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you are in the daydream zone.)，逻辑词Therefore是解题的关键所在。
    3.如果选项在段中：考生需要"瞻前顾后"，注意内容的连贯性以及前后文的线索。
    【典型示例】
    Making healthy lifestyle choices can do wonders for your mood. Ever heard of a "runners high"? Physical activity can be as effective as medications for depression, so get involved in sports, ride your bike, or take a dance class. Any activity helps!38 As for food, make sure youre feeding your mind with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
    【线索分析】
    该段主要讲述健康的生活方式能使你的心情愉快，空前的内容提到各种体育锻炼方式，比如骑车、跳舞，后面紧接着说任何一种活动都能起作用。根据内容连贯性可推知，答案为B(Even a short walk can be beneficial.)，表示短时间的散步也是有好处的。
    策略二：从词汇线索上寻找信息点
    1.词汇复现的线索：主要指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现和反义词复现。
    【典型示例】
    (2017湖北八校联考) 38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well\|being.
    【线索分析】
    空后面的confidence和选项A(Learn to really trust yourself.)中的trust yourself表达的意思相同，结合空后面的一句话的意思可得出选项A为正确答案。
    2.同范畴词的线索：指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，以期达到语意衔接的目的。考生在做题时可以在选项中找到与此词汇属于同范畴的词，从而达到快而准的做题目的。
    【典型示例】
    Talk to a trusted adult,such as a parent or other relatives. 38 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
    【线索分析】
    空前的"parent" "relatives"和选项F(And dont forget about your friends.)中的friends属于同范畴的词，因此考生不难得出答案。
    3.代词的线索：七选五试题中代词出现的频率极高，考生要特别注意代词的指代关系，确定句子的主体对象，从而选出答案。
    【典型示例】
    (2017江西九校联考)When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double\check the fit. 37 . As always, you should stretch (伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.
    【线索分析】
    选项E(If they still feel good, you can begin running in them)中的代词they指代空前面一句话中的shoes，因此E选项正确。
    4.数字的线索：考生要注意数词和表示时间、年代的词等。
    【典型示例】
    (2017广州质量检测)During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.
    【线索分析】
    根据空前面的the first week和空后面的during the next week并结合空前后句的语境可知，本空正确答案为A (After six days)。
    策略三：从逻辑意义上寻找信息点
    1.根据并列或递进关系寻找答案。在看到表示并列或递进关系的衔接词时，一般表示选项前后句子的意思具有同指性。表示并列与递进关系的词有and, as well as, besides, in addition, or, also, what is more等。
    【典型示例】
    (2017届安徽六校联考)If you move slightly closer to them, do they move slightly further away? That means they do not want your interaction to be any more personal than it already is. 38 And if they respond by getting even closer to you, they probably really like you or are very comfortable around/by you.
    【线索分析】
    认真分析不难看出空处与其后And连接的一句话为并列关系，因此无论从句子结构上还是从逻辑意义上可推断出选项A(If they do not move further away, then they are receptive.)正确。
    2.根据转折或对立关系寻找答案。在看到表示转折或对立关系的衔接词时，说明选项前后句子的句意对立或褒贬对立或肯否对立。表示转折或对立关系的词有although, though, yet, however, in spite of等。
    【典型示例】
    It prevents you from losing an idea. Have you ever gotten an idea only to lose it later because you didnt write it down? 37 But then I developed the habit of writing down every idea that came into my mind as soon as possible. If Im away from my computer, I usually write it down on a piece of paper that I bring wherever I go. I will then transfer the idea to the journal in my computer.
    【线索分析】
    空后面的But是解题的突破口，说的是"然而我后来养成了有想法尽快写下来的习惯"，结合空前面的问句"你是否曾经历过想到办法但又忘了，仅仅是因为自己没有把它记下来?"可得出，空处的答案为A(I often experienced that myself.)。
    3.根据因果关系寻找答案。在看到表示因果关系的衔接词时，说明选项前后有表述某一观点的句子。表示因果关系的词有so, therefore, as a result等。
    【典型示例】
    (2017届河南百校联考) 40 So, work like you do not need money, love like youve never been hurt, and dance like no ones watching.
    【线索分析】
    空后面出现了表示因果关系的So，由此可推断出空处句子应为表述观点类的句子，结合空后面的"要努力工作(过程)而不要考虑收入(目的)，要爱别人(过程)而不要考虑曾经受到的伤害(结果)，要纵情跳舞(过程)而不要在乎别人是否观看(目的)"可知，答案为F(Happiness is a journey, not a destination.)，表示幸福是一场旅行，是一个过程，而不是目的。