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2005 北京卷 B篇
Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well-designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward(别扭的)hand positions. They will allow the worker to keep the elbows(肘)next to the body to prevent damage to the shoulder and arm.
Overuse injuries can therefore be prevented or reduced if the employer provides, and workers use:
●power tools rather than having to use muscle(肌肉)power
●tools with specially designed handles that allow the wrist(手腕)to keep straight (See figure 1). This means that hands and wrists are kept in the same position as they would be if they were hanging relaxed at a person’s side
Figure1. Bend the tool, not the wrist
●tools with handles that can be held comfortably by the whole hand. This means having a selection of sizes—remember that tools that provide a comfortable firm Hold for a person with a very large hand may be awkward for someone with a very small hand. This is a particularly important consideration for women who may use tools originally designed for men.
●tools that do not press fingers (or flesh) between the handles, and whose handles do not have sharp edges or a small surface area.
60. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Good tool Design for Women
B. Importance of Good Tool Design
C. Tool Design and Prevention of Injuries
D. Overuse of Tools and Worker Protection
61. Which of the following describes a well-designed tool?
A. It’s kept close to the body.
B. It fully uses muscle power.
C. It makes users feel relaxed.
D. It’s operated with less force.
62. What is Figure 1 used to show?
A. The effective use of the tool.
B. The way of operating the tool.
C. The proper design of the handle.
D. The purpose of bending the wrist.
63. In choosing tools for women, _____of the handle is the most important.
A. the size
B. the edge
C. the shape
D. the position
答案
60.C 解析:从文中的第一句和全文的内容,都是围绕工具的设计和过度使用造成伤害之间的关系展开论述说明的,因此文章最好的题目应该突出该点.所以答案为C.本题考查学生的归纳概括能力.
61.D 解析:从原文"power tools rather than having to use muscle power."一句知道答案是D.本题考查的是细节理解.
62.C 解析:从文中"tools with specially designed handles that allow the wrist(手腕)to keep straight (See figure 1)"可知Figure I是用来展示该句的描述.而后文又据此进行了较为详细的进一步阐述.答案C 本题主要考查细节理解,对上下文的综合与提取信息是考生应有的能力.
63.A 解析:从文章倒数第2段知,工具的设计应考虑到使用者手的大小.尤其是那些原来为男人设计的工具又经常被女人使用,女子的手通常比男子的要小.答案A.本题考查细节理解.
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发表于 2016-7-24 09:23:58