高考英语语法：独立主格

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一.构成: n / pron.+ 不定式 / 现在分词 / 过去分词 / 形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语. 其中前一部分是后一部分的逻辑主语
二.用法: 独立主格结构通常用逗号与主句隔开, 位置比较灵活, 主要用于书面语, 特别是文学体裁, 在口语中较为罕见.
独立主格结构在句中通常作状语, 表示方式, 时间, 原因, 条件等
独立主格结构都可变为with / without + O + OC的结构
1.n / pron +不定式
a. A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his robe.
2. n / pron +现在分词
a. Today being Sunday, we have no school.
b. Time permitting, we’ll stay longer.
c. He lay on his back, his eyes looking straight upward.
d. Spring having come, it is getting warmer and warmer.
e. The last bus having gone, we had to walked home.
3. n / pron +过去分词
a. All things considered, I think I should not have taken the job.
b. His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play.
c. Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move.
4. n / pron +形容词
a. The manager sat quietly in the office, ( his ) eyes closed.
5. n / pron +副词
a. The meeting over, all the workers went home.
b. The meal over, we began to work again.
c. He put on his socks hurriedly, wrong side out.
6. n / pron +介词短语
a. The teacher walked into the classroom, book in hand.
b. He ran away, gun in hand.
c. In front of the house was a tall tree, its top above the tops of the other trees.
a. All things considered, I think I should not have taken the job.
b. His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play.
c. Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move.
4. n / pron +形容词
a. The manager sat quietly in the office, ( his ) eyes closed.
5. n / pron +副词
a. The meeting over, all the workers went home.
b. The meal over, we began to work again.
c. He put on his socks hurriedly, wrong side out.
6. n / pron +介词短语
a. The teacher walked into the classroom, book in hand.
b. He ran away, gun in hand.
c. In front of the house was a tall tree, its top above the tops of the other trees