名师指导：巧解英语“完形填空”例谈

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　　完形填空题全面检测学生的综合运用能力，集词汇、语法和上下文理解于一体。既需要丰富的词汇，较高的感悟力，又需要一定量的词法和句法知识。
　　要想做好完形填空题，同学们需要做到：
　　1. 每天至少15~20分钟高声朗读喜欢的、适合自身的短文或片段。求质不求量，每天一篇就够。要在朗读中扩大词汇量，增强语感，积累知识点。
　　2. 掌握“完形填空”的解题技巧，走好以下四步。
　　第一步：快速阅读所给短文或片段， 理解其大意。
　　第二步：有把握的题目先做，没把握的先跳过。
　　第三步：把握短文或片段的三要素：情节、主题和作者意图。
　　第四步：通读全文，根据三要素选择未作答的题目答案。
　　以下以一篇“完形填空”题为例进行说明。
　　There was once a shepherd who had a daughter whose great beauty1a lot of young men from all over the country.
　　One day, the shepherd asked his daughter, “Dear, what kind of2do you want to be your husband？”
　　The daughter said, “My future husband can be poor3also a wealthy man.”
　　“How could that be？ Poor and rich are two4things！” said her father.
　　“Dear father, a poor person also has his wealth,” said the daughter. The shepherd then announced that his daughter was ready for5 .
　　Therefore, there were many men6outside the shepherd is home. A few7gentlemen came forward followed by their servants and camels8gifts. “We are rich men. We have jewelry, silk, fur and red carpets. Please9one of us.” The shepherd is daughter just10 .
　　One11one young men came forward but they were turned12by her. The shepherd began to worry.
　　Suddenly, a plainly dressed young man appeared.
　　The shepherd asked, “Young man, you look so poor. What can you13my daughter？”
　　“My wealth is always with me and it is my14 ,” the young man said. “I am a good tailor. I am also a good15 . I can make tables and chairs within an hour.”
　　The lady smiled. The young man continued, “I can cook too. I can cook16meals. I do not have17servants or jewelry. But with my pair of hands, I18have a whole life of wealth！”
　　“That  is great！” shouted the shepherd is daughter19 . “You are wealthier than any of them because you have a pair of precious hands. You are my20of an ideal husband！”
　　1. A. drew B. pulled  C. attracted D. absorbed
　　2. A. men B. man C. a man D. the man
　　3. A. but B. and C. so D. or
　　4. A. same B. similar  C. opposite D. different
　　5. A. work B. job C. project D. marriage
　　6. A. seating B. seated C. gathered D. gathering
　　7. A. old B. well dressed C. ragged D. poorly dressed
　　8.A. carried B. carry C. carrying D. having carried
　　9. A. have B. elect C. choose D. make
　　10. A. smiled B. laughed  C. cried D. glared
　　11. A. by B. after 　C. to D. past
　　12. A. out B. in C. up D. down
　　13. A. help B. offer 　C. supply D. provide
　　14. A. heart B. hands 　C. feet D. food
　　15. A. carpenter B. worker C. employee D. artist
　　16. A. smelly B. dull 　C. terrible D. delicious
　　17. A. many B. any 　C. much D. some
　　18. A. did B. would 　C. could D. do
　　19. A. excitedly B. obviously　C. bitterly D. badly
　　20. A. plan B. future 　C. idea D. advice
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　　答案与解析
　　本文主题：好逸恶劳，千金也能吃空；勤劳勇敢，双手抵过千金。
　　学生可通过所提供的信息材料找出关键词：shepherd; daughter; future husband; poor; wealthy; rich; smile; shout; precious hands理解大概意思。接着先做会做的。如：2、3、4、6、8、12。
　　1. C考查动词。根据上下文得出：美貌吸引年轻人。故选C。
　　2. B考查冠词。kind of后名词用单数且前需用零冠词，固定用法，故选B。
　　3. A考查连词。poor与wealthy是反义词，转折之意。故选A。
　　4. C考查形容词。只有opposite才有“反义的”含义。
　　5. D考查名词。project是可数名词，需加冠词。根据上下文理解是到了谈婚论嫁的时候。故选D。
　　6. D考查非谓语动词。gathered有被动之意，与上文“吸引”矛盾。
　　7. B考查复合形容词。根据上下文，那些年轻人都是有钱人。故选B。
　　8. C考查非谓语动词。carried形式错，过去分词表示被动；having carried强调时间先后，故也错；carrying表示伴随状态，故选C。
　　9. C考查动词。elect 表示用投票选举，当时不可能。故选C。
　　10. A考查动词。laugh意为“大笑”，cry意为“大叫或大哭”，glare意为“发怒”，都不合情理。故选A。
　　11. A考查介词。by指一个接一个，故选A。
　　12. D考查动词短语。turn out意为“生产，结果”；turn in意为“上交，向内弯”；turn up意为“出现”。只有turn down表示“拒绝”。
　　13. B考查动词短语。 ACD正确的句型：help sb.with sth.；provide/supply sb. with sth.，都不适合， 故选B。
　　14. B考查名词。根据上下文，双手创造财富。
　　15. A考查名词。下文table和chair表明A答案是对的。
　　16. D考查形容词。根据情节，赞扬poor gentleman，故D是正确答案。
　　17. B考查不定代词。根据上下文是全部否定，故选B。
　　18. D考查助动词。D答案对现状有强调之意，其他选项无此含义。
　　19. A考查副词。选到意中人肯定兴奋。
　　20. C考查名词。C答案有心仪之意。
　　1. There was once a shepherd who had a daughter whose great beauty attracted a lot of young men from all over the country.
　　此句是一个复合句。它有三个主谓结构，分别是There was once a shepherd; who had a daughter; whose great beauty attracted a lot... 主句是There was once a shepherd。有两个从句并且都是定语从句。第一句由who引导：who had a daughter；第二句由whose引导：whose great beauty attracted a lot of young men from all over the country.
　　2. How could that be？ 那怎么可能？
　　此句中could不是can的过去式，而是表示可能性。that指上文提到的事。
　　3. A few well?鄄dressed gentlemen came forward followed by their servants and camels carrying gifts.
　　此句是简单句。followed by their servants是过去分词短语作伴随状语；carrying gifts是现在分词短语作定语。