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每周一练:一般现在时

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发表于 2016-7-6 12:06:52 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  一般现在时
  1.基本结构
  肯定形式:
  ①be动词:am/is/are
  ②行为动词:动词原形、第三人称单数。
  否定形式:
  ①am/is/are+not
  ②don't/doesn't+动词原形+……
  一般疑问句:
  ①把be动词放于句首
  ②Do/Does+…+动词原形+…?
  特殊疑问句:
  特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
  2.一般现在时的第三人称单数的构成:


动词特征

变化

例词

一般动词

词尾加-s

look- looks find- finds

以s, x, ch, sh或o结尾

词尾加-es

watch- watches,
push- pushes

以“辅音字母+y”结尾

变y为i再加-es

fly- flies, apply- applies

   3.基本用法:
  ①表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语有:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays等。
  例:I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
  ②表示客观真理,客观存在或科学事实,以及格言或名言警句中。如:
  The earth moves around the sun.
  Shanghai lies in the east of China.
  Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。
  ③表示爱好、能力、性格、个性。
  I like Chinese food.
  I don't want so much.
  Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
  4. 特殊用法
  ①一般现在时代替将来时
  1. 时间状语从句、条件状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时。如:when, before, after, till, once, as soon as, if, in case (that), unless,等。
  He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京,就去看他姨妈。I will call you as soon as I go back home. 我一到家就给你电话。
  注:1. 可以代替as soon as表示一……就的词语:the moment、the minute、immediately、instantly
  2. 主句部分除了用一般将来时,还可以用祈使句以及情态动词
  例:If you have any problem, please contact me. (主祈从现)
  If you have any problem, you can contact me.(主情从现)
  3. not…until用法总结:
  A. sb didn't do sth until sb did sth.
  I didn't go home until I finished my homework yesterday. 我昨天直到完成作业才回家
  B. sb won't do sth until sb do/does sth.(主将从现)
  I won't leave until you come tomorrow. 我明天会直到你过来才会离开。
  练习:翻译下面的句子
  1. 昨天修理完桌椅后,我们才回家。
  2. 有时候,直到珍贵的时刻成为了回忆,你才会真正认识到它的价值所在。
  2.用于表示较固定的,按计划、规定将要发生的动作,但只限于begin, come, go, leave, arrive, stop, return, close, open, take, start, take place 等少数动作。
  例:The train leaves Beijing at six and arrives at Jinan at nine.
  ②一般现在时代替进行时
  句型:Here comes… ;  There goes…
  例:Look, here comes Mr. Li.
  There goes the bell.
  练一练
  1.观察下列例句,将序号填入对应用法之后的空白栏中
  ① All the living things on the earth depend on the sun.
  ②The plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.
  ③ Unless it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.
  ④Our teacher told us the earth goes round the sun.
  ⑤He sometimes stay up till midnight to catch up with others.
  ⑥We always care for each other and help each other.
  ⑦She is a teacher.
  ⑧ -Do you sing? -A little.


一般用法

现在习惯经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常与usually, always, seldom, often, frequently, every day等时间状语连用

主语现在的特征,性格和状态

客观规律正确事实科学真理格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在

特殊用法

“主将从现”:主要用在条件从句(if和unless等)和时间状语从句(when, as soon as, before, after, until和by the time等)中,表示将来的动作。(注意:从句也可视情况用现在完成时,主句可视语境用将来任意时态)

“时刻表”:安排,或计划要做的动作(有时间状语)限于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等一类短暂性动词。

  2.翻译练习
  ①他并不总是在6点钟下班,有时他会工作到7点。
  ②机会总是青睐有准备的人。___________________________________________________________________________
  ③如果她来看我,我会很高兴。________________________________________________________________
  ④他经常把他的业余时间花在阅读上。
  ___________________________________________________________________
  ⑤实践出真知。
  _____________________________________________________________________

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发表于 2016-7-6 12:29:55 | 显示全部楼层

  答案:
  练习:翻译下面的句子
  1. 昨天修理完桌椅后,我们才回家。
  答案:We didn't go home until we finished repairing desks and tables.
  2. 有时候,直到珍贵的时刻成为了回忆,你才会真正认识到它的价值所在。
  答案:Sometimes, you won't know the true value of a moment until it becomes a memory.
  1.观察下列例句,将序号填入对应用法之后的空白栏中
  ① All the living things on the earth depend on the sun.
  ②The plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.
  ③ Unless it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.
  ④Our teacher told us the earth goes round the sun.
  ⑤He sometimes stay up till midnight to catch up with others.
  ⑥We always care for each other and help each other.
  ⑦She is a teacher.
  ⑧ -Do you sing? -A little.


一般用法

现在习惯经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常与usually, always, seldom, often, frequently, every day等时间状语连用

⑤⑥

主语现在的特征,性格和状态

⑦⑧

客观规律正确事实科学真理格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在

①④

特殊用法

“主将从现”:主要用在条件从句(if和unless等)和时间状语从句(when, as soon as, before, after, until和by the time等)中,表示将来的动作。(注意:从句也可视情况用现在完成时,主句可视语境用将来任意时态)



“时刻表”:安排,或计划要做的动作(有时间状语)限于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等一类短暂性动词。



  2. 翻译练习
  ①他并不总是在6点钟下班,有时他会工作到7点。
  答案:He doesn't always leave before 6 o'clock. Sometimes he works until 7 o' clock.
  ②机会总是青睐有准备的人。
  答案:Opportunities always favor the prepared minds.
  ③如果她来看我,我会很高兴。答案:
  答案:I'll be glad if she comes over to visit me.
  ④他经常把他的业余时间花在阅读上。
  答案:He usually spends his spare time reading. / He usually devotes his spare time to reading.
  ⑤实践出真知。
  答案:Experience is the mother of wisdom.(可以用在作文中~~)

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