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发表于 2016-7-22 10:45:07
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原则六、-ing形式或to do可作主语或宾语,-ed形式则不可以
例11. ___________ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.
A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch
解析:本题中is为系动词,前面应该作主语,用-ing形式,所以答案为C。
例12 ___twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.
A. Examining B. Examined C. Being examined D. Having been examined
解析:本题中is为系动词,前面应该作主语,用-ing形式,所以答案为C。
原则七、be+-ed+介词结构常可把be去掉保留-ed+介词做状语
例13Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.
A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared
解析:“和。。。相比较”结构为be compared with,现在做句子的状语,所以只保留非谓语动词,把动词be去掉,答案为D。
例14 _______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.
A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing
解析:“面对”结构为be faced with, 现在做句子的状语,所以只保留非谓语动词,把动词be去掉,答案为C。
原则八、非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致,和句子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式,构成动宾关系是用-ed形式。其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时,要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构
例15. ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.
A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语应和句子主语the postman一致,the postman应该是被咬,所以答案为B。
例16._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked
解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语应和句子主语he一致, he 和walk应该是主动关系,所以答案为B。
例17. While watching television, __________.
A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
解析:根据“非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致”的原则,watching的逻辑主语应和后面句子主语一致,所以句子主语应为“we”,答案为C。
例18. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day.
A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
解析:本题没有连词,所以后面应用非谓语动词,the lessons是非谓语动词的逻辑主语,和非谓语动词构成独立主格结构。根据句意应是“被完成”,所以答案为B。
原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种:目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语(表示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式)。另外,某些形容词(表喜、怒、哀、乐)做表语后跟不定式可以表示原因
例19._____, you need to give all you have and try your best.
A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner
解析:根据句意“要想成为获胜者,你要付出所有,尽最大努力”,此处表目的,所以答案为B。
例20. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
解析:本句句意为“记者们匆匆赶到机场,却被告知明星们已经走了”,表出乎意料的结果常常用only to do,所以答案为B。
例21. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.
A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let
解析:本题句意为“玻璃门替换了木头门,自然光就进来了”,自然光进来时顺其自然的结果,所以用doing, 答案为B。
例22.How glad I am ___________ you!
A. seeing B. to see C. saw D. having seen
解析: 本题是I am glad to see you 的感叹句形式,to see you 是原因状语,答案为B。
原则十、 非谓语动词的否定原则是在非谓语动词前加not,有not to do, not doing, not having done, not to have done几种形式
例23______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.
A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized
解析: 本题考查doing的否定形式not doing,答案为 C。
例24. What worried him most was ______ to visit his sick child.
A. his being not allowed B. his not being allowed
C. his not allowing D. having not been allowed
解析:本题考查being done的否定形式not being done; his 为not being done的逻辑主语,所以答
案为B。
例25. Sarah has decided ________ away on holiday this summer.
A. don’t go B. to not go C. not going D. not to go
解析:本题考查to do的否定形式not to do, 所以答案为D。
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