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发表于 2016-7-24 10:28:44
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二、 may (might)
1、表给予许可、允许(通常不用might)或征求意见,might可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。
① You may (can, could) take whatever you like.你喜欢什么就拿什么。
② May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗?
●在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式,如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don't. / You'd better not. / No, you mustn't./can't等,以免显得太严峻或不客气。
二、 may (might)
2、表可能(表针对具体某件事情上的可能性,区别can),只能用于肯定句和否定句,不能用于疑问句。May与might不存在时间的差异,might表示的可能性更小。May (might) not意思是“可能不(会)”。区别:can't (couldn't)“不可能”。May (might) have done 表对过去发生事情的推测,“过去可能已经”,否定式表示“过去可能不会已经……”。
① He may (might, could) be at home. 他可能在家。\
② She may (might) not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。
③ She couldn't know about it. 她不可能知道这件事。
④ ----Can he have finished his work? 他可能已经完成工作了吗?
----I think he could (may, might) have . 我认为他可能已经完成了。
----I think he can't (couldn't) have. 我认为他不可能已经完成了。
----I think he may (might) not have. 我认为他可能不会已经完成了。
----I think he must have finished it。我认为他肯定已经完成了。
⑤--Can (Could) she be at home?
--She may (might, could) be at home.
--She can't (couldn't) be at home.
--She may (might) not be at home.
--She must be at home.
3、might have done(不用may) 表示对过去所发生事情的虚拟(也可表推测),“过去本可以做而未做”。
①She might have finished her homework, but her mother asked her to do housework all day.她本可以完成家庭作业的,但她母亲整天都叫她做家务。
②It rained all day yesterday, or we might have had great fun in the park 昨天下了一整天的雨,否则的话,我们会在公园里玩得很高兴的。
三、must
1、表示义务。意为“必须”(主观意志)。
① We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。
② –Must/Need we hand in our exercise books now?我们现在就要交练习本吗?
--No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. (Yes, you must.) 不必。
2、表示推测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。
① He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。
② She's wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money. 她戴着钻石项链,一定很有钱。:
③She must have finished her work, otherwise she can't be playing with her friends.她肯定已经完成了作业,否则的话她现在不可能和她的朋友一起在玩。
3、用于疑问句或条件句中,表说话人不耐烦、讨厌、责备等语气,“必须得,非得”。(是其特有用法)
①Must you make so much noise when all of us are doing our work quietly?你非得在我们都安静工作的时候发出那么大的噪音吗?
②—How old are you, miss? –-If you must know it, I'm older than you.如果你非得要知道的话,我年纪比你大的。
③--Can I have a word with you? --OK, if you must.
4、其否定式mustn't 表“禁止,不准”,不能表虚拟和推测。___×___mustn't have done.
①You mustn't throw your things on the floor like this.
●区别:have to (例略)
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