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北京
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上海
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广州
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武汉
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西安
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重庆
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成都
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长沙
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长春
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哈尔
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杭州
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合肥
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苏州
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太原
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天津
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徐州
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厦门
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郑州
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宁波
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青岛
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南京
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兰州
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昆明
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济南
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深圳
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沈阳
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鞍山
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大连
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福州
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佛山
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贵阳
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黄石
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荆州
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吉林
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内蒙
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洛阳
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宜昌
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湘潭
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襄樊
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新疆
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无锡
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唐山
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镇江
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河北
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南通
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株洲
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南宁
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南昌
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高考英语语法贯穿在高考英语选择题、改错题、高考英语作文中,在进行阅读理解和完形填空时也用得到。可以说单词是英语学习的基础、语法是英语学习的架构。高考英语语法不难,总结起来也就十几点,在听课和做题中不断揣摩其中的规律,再反过来通过题目精炼。新东方高考英语语法总结系列,整理了有关名词、非谓语动词、从句、英语语气时态语态等必考考点。
更多高考备考资料在:gaokao.xdf.cn。
I. 形容词
1.形容词的位置:形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况下后置
1
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修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时
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nobody absent, everything possible
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2
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以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后
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the best book available, the only solution possible
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3
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alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等作定语时后置
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the only person awake
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4
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和空间、时间、单位连用时
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a bridge 50 meters long
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5
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成对的形容词可以后置
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a huge room simple and beautiful
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6
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形容词短语一般后置
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a man difficult to get on with
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7
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enough修饰名词时可以前置也可以后置,但修饰形容词或副词时要后置
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______to take his adventure course will certainly learn a
lot of useful skills.(NMET2000)
A.Brave enough students B.Enough breave students
C.Students brave enough D.Students enough brave
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注意:多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序
熟记口诀就可以顺利解题:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠。
规则:限定语(The、A)+ 描绘性形容词 + size(小)+ shape(形状)+ age(年龄、时间)+ color(颜色)+ origin(国籍、来源)+ material(材料)+ purpose(目的)+ 名词。
▲This ________ girl is Linda’s cousin. (05北京卷)
A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish
2.复合形容词的构成
1
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形容词+名词+ed
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kind-hearted
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6
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名词+形容词
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world-famous
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2
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形容词+形容词
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dark-blue
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7
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名词+现在分词
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peace-loving
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3
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形容词+现在分词
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ordinary-looking
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8
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名词+过去分词
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snow-covered
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4
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副词+现在分词
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hard-working
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9
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数词+名词+ed
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three-egged
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5
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副词+过去分词
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newly-built
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10
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数词+名词
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twenty-year
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3.形容词(短语)作伴随状语
As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 当他看着山羊的时候,山羊翻了个身,死了。
Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困难,他们宁愿走好走的路。
II.副词的分类:
1
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时间副词
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soon, now, early, finally, once, recently
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5
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频度副词
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always, often, frequently, seldom, never
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2
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地点副词
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here, nearby, outside, upwards, above
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6
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疑问副词
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how, where, when, why
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3
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方式副词
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hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really
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7
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连接副词
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how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile
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4
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程度副词
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almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather
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8
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关系副词
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when, where, why
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III. 形容词和副词的比较等级
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级,比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est,多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
项 目
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例 句
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同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…
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She is as tall as her mother.
I am not as/ so good a player as you are.
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双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级 (+ than)”
的结构表示。要注意题干中将比较的另一方阴藏起来的情况。
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This picture is more beautiful than that one.
I have never seen such a more interesting film (than this one).
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表示一方不及另一方时,用“less + 原级 + than”的结构表示
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This room is less beautiful than that one.
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表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型
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The harder you work, the more progress you will make
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用比较级来表达最高级的意思
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I have never spent a more worrying day.
我从来没有度过这样令人烦恼的一天。
(意为:我度过了最为令人烦恼的一天。)
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倍数的表达
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表达法一:A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.
The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.
这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(高)/这座新楼比那座旧楼大(高)三倍。
表达法二:A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
表达法三:A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.
Your school is three times bigger than ours.
你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上,两倍可以用twice或double.
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注意:1. 可以修饰比较级的词有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal;
2. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如:favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect,superior,junior等。
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