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发表于 2016-7-24 11:02:50
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辨别非谓语动词的常见错误时需要注意以下几点。看介词后接的是否是动名词;检查某些特定动词的后面只可接动名词的(如advise, admit, avoid, allow, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, include, mention, miss, mind, practise, prevent, quit, resist, risk, stand, suggest, understand等)是否误用了不定式;检查某些特定动词的后面只可接带to的不定式的(如ask, afford, agree, decide, demand, dare, expect, fail, happen, hope, hesitate, manage, offer, ought, plan, intend, prepare, pretend, wish, refuse, promise等)是否误用了动名词;检查某些特定词的后面只跟不带to的不定式的(如had better, would rather, rather than等)是否多加to;检查需要用动词不定式的一般式的是否误用了其完成式;检查需要用动词不定式的完成式的是否误用了其一般式;检查句子中需要用现在分词作状语的是否误用了过去分词;检查句子中需要用过去分词的是否误用了现在分词;当不定式作宾语,且后面又有宾语补足语时,检查是否漏用it作形式宾语,因为这时通常将不定式后置了;注意区分几组特别的动词的-ing形式和过去分词之间的不同,如surprising(令人吃惊的),surprised(感到惊讶的);interesting(令人感兴趣的),interested(感兴趣的);disappointing(令人失望的),disappointed(感到失望的);encouraging(令人鼓舞的),encouraged(感到鼓舞的)。如:
(1) Besides, the foreign teachers here work hard and try his best to make the activities lively and interested. (福建)
【解析】应把interested改为interesting。activities(活动)应该是“令人感兴趣”的才对,故此处要将interested改成interesting。
(2) I really enjoy study because I’m growing old and know what I want it. (陕西)
【解析】应把study改为studying。enjoy后通常接动名词而非不定式作宾语。
(3) My father was so pleasing that he suggested I go to England for a holiday. (全国卷I)
【解析】应把pleasing改为pleased。由于主语是my father,所以要用过去分词。
(4) I just Want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person. (天津)
【解析】应把becoming改为become。help后不接动名词作宾语,而是接动词不定式作宾语。
(5) We’d better not to miss the chance to enjoy it. (重庆)
【解析】应去掉not后面的to。had better后接不带to的不定式作宾语。
(6) …and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.
【解析】应在make前加to,make在此处并非做谓语,而应该是不定式作目的状语,符号to不可省。
(7) But then there are always more mysteries look into.
【解析】应在look前加to,此处应该用不定式作定语,修饰mysteries,故look into前缺to。
(8) We are looking forward to see you on the birthday party.
【解析】短语look forward to中的to是介词,其后应接动名词,故应将see改为seeing。
(9) I’m sorry I keep you wait for a long time. I got caught in the traffic.
【解析】在任何情况下keep均和doing连用,如keep doing sth, keep sb(sth) doing sth, keep…from doing…等。
(10) I’d like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.
【解析】to后应加be。因为其后面是名词,而不是动词原形,所以不能直接用to。
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