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发表于 2016-7-24 11:15:20
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核心考点2:逻辑判断题
【考情分析】
完形填空题中的逻辑判断题是一个综合性非常强的考点,旨在考查考生篇章整体意识和局部意识综合思维能力,无容置疑的是高考英语试题卷中的核心考点重中之重,该考点属“综合能力应用”题中一种,是每年高考必考点,占完形填空的比例为20%~30%之间,一般不少于4题,这类题难度为中等或偏难,这一考点是令诸多许多考生非常头疼的,所以考生在平时复习备考中要加强这一方面能力的培养,尽量减少失分现象。这类题侧重考查考生对特殊语境下的动词词义的变异和语义延伸的判断能力,对人物的话语逻辑性的精准判断,以及对特殊语境下的情绪演变、行为程度和方式的转变的理解判断,尤其是对常用词的多义性的把握。
【考点点津】
逻辑判断题的特点有以下几种特征:语境词语暗示,动作交互暗示,因果关系暗示,行为转折暗示等特征。
【应试策略】
面对这一考点,考查考生必须细读上下文,抓住动作的发展趋势,了解主语的意图以及话语的延伸内涵的,关注连词的功能,关注言语的多义性,顺着短文的思路进行合乎逻辑的思考,从具体语境入手。除此之外,考生还须关注一些特殊句式结构,因为这些结构常常是陷进。关键的是考生一定要读懂全文的内涵之后,再从词汇的深层含义入手,尤其是要掌握常用词的一般用法和特殊用法。
【经典题例】(2011-全国)
There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __21__ home from work in the evenings. A man will be__22__ the newspaper, and seconds later it __23__ as if he is trying to __24__ it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger__25__ next to him. __26__ place where unplanned short sleep __27__ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring(打鼾) so __28__ that the professor has to ask another student to__29__ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing(尴尬) situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the __30__ of the head pushes the arm off the__31__, and the movement carries the__32__ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no__33__ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when __34__. Police reports are full of __35__ that occur when people fall into sleep and go__36__ the road. If the drivers are __37__, they are not seriously hurt. One woman's car, __38__, went into the river. She woke up in four feet of __39__ and thought it was raining. When people are really __40__,nothing will stop them from falling asleep -- no matter where they are.
21.A. way B. track C. path D. road
22.A. buying B. folding C. delivering D. reading
23.A. acts B. shows C. appears D. sounds
24.A. open B. eat C. find D. finish
25.A. lying B. waiting C. talking D. sitting
26.A. Next B. Every C. Another D. One
27.A. goes on B. ends up C. lasts D. returns
28.A. bravely B. happily C. loudly D. carelessly
29.A. leave B. shake C. keep D. watch
30.A. size B. shape C. weight D. strength
31.A. cushion B. desk C. shoulder D. book
32.A. action B. position C. rest D. side
33.A. memory B. reason C. question D. purpose
34.A. thinking B. working C. walking D. driving
35.A. changes B. events C. ideas D. accidents
36.A. up B. off C. along D. down
37.A. lucky B. awake C. calm D. strong
38.A. in time B. at first C. as usual D. for example
39.A. dust B. water C. grass D. bush
40.A. tired B. drunk C. lonely D. lazy
【题例精讲】
第21题的答案为A。从短语结构和语境暗示来看on the way home from work in the evening,可以知道这儿指的是“在晚上下班回家的路途上”的意思,从逻辑推理和语境上分析,此处唯有way符合题意。
第22题的答案是D。从逻辑上分析以及短文的第一句的语境暗示,这儿举例说明一个人在回家的路上应该是reading a newspaper而不可能去干其他事,其他三个动词所表示的行为不符逻辑常理。
第24题的答案为B。文章主要讲述疲惫与睡觉(打盹)之间的因果关系,所以从本文这一主题入手分析和思考,人在疲惫时手里拿着报纸,不一会就会出现打瞌睡状态,而让你们打瞌睡时,头的位置是无法控制得住的,这时就会出现所谓的“点头”状态,给人的感觉是“此人似乎在吃报纸”。
第25题的答案为D。从人的生理特征去进行逻辑推理,“一个人挨着别人的肩膀上打瞌睡时,通常情况是彼此挨着坐在一块”,而不是站在一起的(因为这有悖于常理)。所以选sitting。
第28题的答案为C。根据常理进行逻辑判断,“当一个人在课堂上睡着的时候,不时地发出呼噜声,让后被人叫醒那是一件非常令人尴尬的事情”从上下文看,正因为“呼噜声”干扰了正常的教学秩序,所以教授就会喊另一位学生叫醒“上课打呼噜的学生”。
短文中的第29,30,31,32,34,35,36,37和39题均属于语境暗示、因果暗示的逻辑的题。实际上,第40题既属于同义复现有属于因果暗示的题。
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