高三英语复习笔记 Unit 3 Grade 1

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　　Language tip
　　have some difficulty in doing sth. 表示“做某事有困难”，difficulty在这个结构中是不可数名词，in有时可以省略。如：Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding his spoken English? 你听懂他的英语口语有困难吗？做某事毫无困难，可用have no/little difficulty in doing sth 如：I had no difficulty (in) translating the novel. 我翻译那本小说一点困难也没有。Difficulty也可以指具体的难事、困境(可数)，比如：He met with a lot of difficulties.他碰到很多困难。
　　When do you take your next exams？动词一般现在时可表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，仅限于少数动词，如begin, get, leave, take, start, go等，如：When does the summer holidays begin? 暑假什么时候开始？The plane takes off at 6:30 P.M. 飞机下午六点三十分起飞。What time does the train leave for Shanghai? 开往上海的列车几点钟开车？
　　Pardon? 或Beg pardon? 或I beg your pardon? 这三句都表示“请再说一遍”的意思，但注意它们都要使用升调。I beg your pardon. 用降调，意思是“请原谅、请宽恕”。又：Please pardon me for not arriving sooner.
　　know 是及物动词，后跟名词或代词，意思是直接知道或了解人和物；know about/of 的意思则是间接了解或听说某人和某物。比较：I have known him for a long time. 我已经认识他多年了。I have known about/of him for a long time. 我早就听说过他的事。
　　more or less 意思是“或多或少”、“大体上”、“左右”，用于说话者的意见不那么肯定的情况下。It's an hour's journey, more or less. 大约一小时的路程。Our working condition has more or less improved. 我们的工作条件多少有了一些改善。
　　however 作副词表示转折，意为“然而，但是”，可放在句中、句首或句末，而且必须用逗号与句子分开，不能直接引导句子。but 和while也是表示转折的词，但这两个词都是连词，用于连接并列分句，but的语气较强烈，while强调两者的对比关系。例如：Later, however, he decided to go. 可是后来他决定去了。Jim is bad at physics, but he passed the exam. 吉姆物理不好，但是他居然及格了。I like tea while she prefers coffee. 我喜欢喝茶，然而她却喜欢喝咖啡。
　　come about意思是“发生”、“造成”，相当于happen和take place，没有被动语态。如：How did this accident come about? 这个事故是怎么发生的呢？ Sometimes it is hard to tell how a quarrel comes about. 有时候很难说口角是怎样引起的。

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　　At first, the language stayed the same句中的stay是连系动词，意为“保持（处于）某种状态”，相当于keep, remain, 通常后面跟形容词作表语。比如: She isn't married. She stays single. 她至今未婚，保持单身。The shop stayed open till six o'clock. 这家商店一直营业到六点。They don’t stay long in the same place. 本句中stay是不及物动词，long是副词。
　　the same as… 和……一样，如：He looks the same as before. 他看上去和以前一样。Please meet me at the same place as you did yesterday.　请到你昨天见我的地方来见我。与其对应的词组是 different from…, 和……不同。如：City life is very different from country life. 都市生活和乡村生活是非常不同的。My opinion is different from yours. 我的意见和你的不相同。
　　just as后跟一个表示方式的状语从句，作“正如”、“恰似”解。例如：She loved painting just as her mother did. 她喜爱画画，正象她妈妈过去喜欢画画一样。Leave everything just as you found it. 让一切东西都保持原状吧。
　　a great many “许多”，也可以说a good many, 修饰可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如：I'm quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙，我有许多事要做。A great many of them are out of work. 他们中的许多人失业。
　　and so on 表示“等等”，一般都放在句末，如：They are interested in art and music and so on.
　　American English has changed over the centuries, too. 几个世纪以来，美国英语也发生了变化。介词over在这里是表示时间的介词，意思是“在…期间”或“直到…过完”。如：I have read lots of English stories over the years.在这几年期间我读了许多英国小说。
　　reason表示“理由，原因”，后面可接介词for, 也可接why引导的从句，例如：Do you know the reason for his anger? 你知道他生气的原因吗？(=Do you know the reason why he is angry?)注意句型One of the reasons is that… 这儿的that引导表语从句，that通常不能省略，如：The reason why I was late for class was that I got up late. 我上学迟到的原因是因为我起床晚了。这里千万不要用because来引导表语从句！
　　bring in 意思是“带进来”，引申义为“引进”、“赚得”、“有收入”等。例如：They brought in new technology from abroad. 他们引进了国外的新技术。They brought the experienced people in to help. 他们请来有经验的人帮忙。
　　explain：make sth clear; show the meaning of  “解释;说明” I really don't know how to explain it properly. / 对：Please explain this sentence to me. 错：Please explain me this sentence.
　　I practised writing Chinese characters for homework. 家庭作业我练习了写汉字。动词practise 后面要接动名词，如：We should practise speaking English every day.  名词practice 不可数，如：It takes a lot of practice to be really good at English. 英语要真正学好需要大量的练习。