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高三英语复习笔记 Unit 4 Grade 1

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发表于 2016-7-24 09:44:07 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  Language tip
  in a few days' time 此短语中的in是指“过若干时间”、“在……以后”,和将来时一起用,后接时间长度,如:I’ll be back in two hours. 我两个小时之后回来(不可用after)。注意名词的复数后的s’, 如:a ten minutes' rest 十分钟的休息。His birthday is in two weeks’ time. 他生日还有两周的时间。
  separate ①形容词,意思是“单独的”、“各自的”: The children sleep in separate beds. ②动词,后面常接介词from,表示“使分开,使分离” : The two friends separated at the crossroads. 两个朋友在十字路口分手了。It is not difficult to separate British English from American English. 区分英国英语和美国英语并不困难。
  When are you going off to Guangzhou? 用进行时表示将来,通常是一些按计划安排即将发生的动作,这样的动词有 go, come, stay, leave, arrive,start,die等,而且常用表示将来的时间状语。如:I’m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.
  see sb. off 的意思是“送某人,给某人送行”,后面如果接代词,则必须放在off前;若后接名词,则既可在off前,也可在off后。如:He went to the station to see his friend off. 他去车站给朋友送行。
  take表示“搭、乘(车、船)”,后面可接a taxi/a train/a bus等。如:I took a taxi to the station. 我搭出租车到车站。I'll take the next train to Liverpool. 我准备搭下一班火车到利物浦。 Let's take the stairs. 我们走楼梯吧。
  Do give her my regards. 助动词do放在动词原形前面,可以用于肯定句或祈使句,表示强调,译作“务必,一定,确实”。例如:Do remember the rules of the game! 一定要记住游戏规则!He does speak English well. 他的英语说得确实好。He did tell me that he would come. 他真的告诉过我他要来。
  by train“乘火车”。by表示旅行的方式,后接交通工具。如:He'll take a taxi there.= He'll go there by taxi. 他将乘出租车去那儿。I go to school by bike, but my father goes to his office by car. 我骑车上学,但我爸爸开车上班。注意:by 后面的名词为单数且不用冠词修饰。对比:I go to school on my bike.
  say hi/hello to sb. 向某人问候。类似结构还有:向某人告别 say Good-bye to sb., 向某人道歉 say sorry to sb.,拒绝我的计划 say no to my plan 等。
  The same to you. 是用在听到对方良好祝愿之后的答语,在不同的交际场合表示不同的意义,大致意思就是“你也一样…,同样祝你…”。如:I wish you good luck! 祝你好运!The same to you. 也祝你好运。
  guide作名词时表示“向导,导游,指南”,作动词时意思是“为……带路,指引”。如:The visitors need a guide to show them the city. 观光者们需要一位导游领他们游览这座城市。The boy will guide you to the top of the mountain. 这孩子将把你带到山顶。
  区别through与across。它们都是介词,作“穿过”讲,through的含义与in有关,表示动作在某物体的空间内进行;across的含义与on有关,表示动作是在某物体的表面进行的。常用的搭配有:through the forest (valley, crowd, window, tunnel) 穿过树林(山谷,人群,窗户,隧道) across the river (plain, desert, sky, sea) 穿过河流(平原,沙漠,天空,海洋)
  tie…to 意为“把……拴到……上”。如:Don't tie the horse to the tree. Tie it to the post. 别把马拴到树上,拴到柱子上。The robber tied the owner of the house to a chair. 那个强盗把房主绑在椅子上。
  It is wrong to eat monkeys. “吃猴子是不对的”, 句首的it叫做形式主语,不定式短语to eat monkeys才是真正主语。为了避免头重脚轻,英语中经常用it作形式主语,而真正的主语通常为不定式,-ing形式或从句。如:It is impossible for me to finish so much work in such a short time. 在这么短的时间里完成这么多工作对于我来说是不可能的。It is no use quarrelling with him. 和他争吵没用处。It is necessary that you should speak English in and after class. 在课内外说英语是必需的。
  see sb. doing sth. 意思是“看见某人正在做某事”,强调看见某个动作正在进行;see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做了某事”,强调看见了整个动作的过程,如:I saw him crossing the street now. 我看见他正在过马路。I saw him cross the street. 我看见他过了马路。
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  play one's guitar 表示“弹吉它”。乐器名词之前常用定冠词the或one’s, 如:play the piano 弹钢琴。而表示球类的名词前则不用,如:play basketball 打篮球。
  be about to do sth. 表示“即将要做某事,正要做某事”,常与when连用,是一个固定的句型,意为“正要……这时突然……”,强调即将发生的动作。这里的when相当于and then/and at that time 在那时。如: He is about to start. 他马上就要动身了。I was about to leave when the telephone rang. 我正要出门,就在这时电话响了。
  They can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only the bones. 现在分词短语leaving only bones,在这里用作结果状语,也就是说这些鱼能把人吃掉,结果只剩一副骨架啦!又如:His father died, leaving her a lot of money.
  take off 起飞,如:The plane took off very smoothly. 飞机很平稳地起飞了。飞机降落用 land,如:The plane landed on the airport safely.
  What a sad sight it was! 英语感叹句的句型是:What(a) + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语。当句中的名词是可数名词单数时,what后要加a, 而如果名词是可数名词复数或不可数名词时,则what后不加a,在口语中还常常省略it is。例如:What a lovely day (it is)! 多好的天啊!What silly questions you asked! 你提的问题多傻啊!感叹句还有一个句型:How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语,那么把文章中的这句话转成这种句型应该是:How sad the sight was! 再如:How beautiful she sang! 她唱得真好!How fast he is running.他跑得真快!
  For miles and miles I could see nothing except a great fire and lots of smoke.这里的except也可以用but,表示“除了……之外”。不过跟在 nobody, none, nothing, nowhere等否定词及疑问词who, what之后时多用but; 而在all, every, everybody, everyone, everything 等词后则通常用except。如:I looked everywhere except there. 除了那儿,我哪儿都看了。There’s nothing but a table in the room. 房间里只有一张桌子。Nobody but me knows him. 只有我才认识他。
  for miles and miles 是由介词加名词构成的介词短语,在句中作状语用,表示强调。又如:for years and years 一连好几年;for days and days 一连好几天。
  They can sell their beef at a high price in the capital. 介词at 后面常接表示花费、比率、程度、水平、年龄、速度等词,可以译作“以,用”。如:at a high price 意思是“以高价”,at a low cost 就是“以低成本”, We drove at high speed. 我们以最高的速度开车。The train was traveling at 100 kilometers an hour. 那火车以时速100公里行使。
  move on的意思就是“继续迁移,继续前进”。介词on表示动作的持续,意思是“继续”。例如:They walked on a little way without speaking. 他们朝前走了一段路,彼此都没有说话。He talked on about his travel in the forest. 他继续不停地讲他在森林里的那次旅行。
  They move on to a new place every two or three years. 在这里 every + 基数词 + 复数名词,表示“每…,每隔…”,every five days就是每五天。如:Take the medicine every four hours 每四个小时吃一次药。They usually come home every two weeks. 他们通常每两星期(每隔一星期)回家一次。另外,我们还可以用 every+序数词+单数名词 来表达同样的意思,所以: every five days 也可写成 every fifth day。又“隔天”是every other day.
  destroy 毁灭、毁坏,如:The enemy destroyed the city. 敌人毁坏了这座城市。All the hopes were destroyed.所有的希望都破灭了。
  be made from和be made of 之间的区别在于:be made from (由...制成) 制成品已经变得看不出原料了,如课文中的土壤当然不是树叶的样子。be made of 是指从制成品中仍然可以看出原料,例如:The bridge is made of stone. 这座桥是由石头砌成的。The desk is made of wood. 这桌子是木制的。
  sight ①情景;风景John enjoyed seeing the sights in New York. ②视力;视野His sight was poor.他的视力很差。You must put it away somewhere out of my sight.你最好把它放在我看不见的地方。
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