高三英语复习笔记 Unit 5 Grade 1

高考网

　　language tip
　　表示目的可用to、 in order to、so as to或so that、in order that。①to、in order to、so as to＋动词原形，引导的是目的状语短语　②so that、in order that引导的是目的状语从句，构成复合句，并且从句中谓语动词常与 can, could, may, might 等情态动词连用。如：He got up early to/in order to/so as to catch the first bus. 他早起为了赶上第一趟车。（注意否定形式：They hurried so as not to/in order not to miss the train.）又：Speak clearly so that everybody can understand you. 请说清楚一点，这样每个人都能听懂。The visitors stopped at Xi'an in order that they might visit some famous places of interest. 游客们留在西安目的是看一些著名的名胜古迹。注意：in order to、in order that 可放在句首，so as to、so that不可。另外so that还可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，结果”，如：He was very ill so that he didn’t come to school. / He was so excited that he couldn't speak. 他太激动了以至说不出话来。
　　Then I'll water them to stop the soil getting too dry. 然后，我还要给它们浇水，以免土壤变得太干燥。stop 在这里作“阻止，拦阻”解，后面可跟-ing短语。如：You must stop her telling the truth. 你必须阻止她说出真相。 还有stop sb from doing结构，如：The rain stopped me from going to school. 大雨使我没能去上学。（另外：keep sb from doing也有阻止某人做某事的意思。）
　　Do you have to feed plants like you feed chickens? 你得要像喂小鸡那样去喂幼苗吗？like在这里是作连词，相当于as，意思就是“如同，好像”，连接方式状语从句。不过like的这种用法一般用在口语中，正式的书面语还是用as。如：I failed like you had expected. 就像你预料的那样，我失败了。

gktwo

　　feed 既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词, 意思是“喂养，给…提供食物”，它可以组成的短语有：①feed on 以…为主食：Sheep feed on grass. 羊以草为食。②feed sb. on/with sth.或feed sth.to sb. 用…喂养：We feed the cat on fish. 我们用鱼喂猫。③feed oneself 自己吃东西。The child is old enough to feed himself. 这孩子大了可以自己吃饭了。又：He fed the tape into the recorder.
　　It'll make the cabbage plants grow big and strong. 句中make 作“使（做某事）”或“使之成为”解，后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即：make sb. do sth. 如：The boss made them work all night. 老板让他们通宵劳动。How can we make the trees grow quicker? 我们怎样才能使这些树长得快些呢？注意：上述例句如果改用被动语态，则不定式符号to不能省略。如： They were made to work all night. / How can the trees be made to grow quicker?
　　The rest are let to grow even taller. 其余的留下来，好让它们长得更加高大。 the rest其余的（人或物），作主语时，谓语动词应根据上下文采用单数或复数形式。如：Those books are mine; the rest are yours. 这些书是我的，其它的都是你的。 Give me a glass of beer; the rest is yours. 给我一杯啤酒，剩下的是你的。因此the rest作主语时，若指代的是复数名词，谓语动词用复数；若指代的是单数名词或不可数名词则谓语动词用单数。
　　in the past 意思是“在过去”，与一般过去时连用。如：There was no TV set in a family in the past. 过去家里没有电视机。但是in the past + 时间 可以和现在完成时连用, 如：Great changes have taken place in China in the past twenty years. 在过去的二十年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。（这里的past还可以用last来代替）
　　拿，带 可译为take, bring, carry，fetch 但意思各有不同：carry (= hold sth. and move with it)是不表明运动方向的“携带，拿，提”；take (= carry to another place or go with it)意思是“带走，带领”，指携带人或物离去；bring (= carry towards; come carrying sth. or with sb.)是“拿来（带来）某人（物）”。fetch (= go and get from another place and bring back)意为“去取（拿）来”，指的是一种往返运动，且返回时需要携带人或物。如：Could you fetch me a clean shirt from my bedroom? 你到我的卧室里替我取件干净的衬衣好吗？I carried the books in a strong paper bag. 我用了一个硬纸袋携带这些书。Do remember to bring your sister here. 一定记着把你妹妹带来。Don't forget to take your bag when you go. 走时不要忘记拿走你的包。
　　Trees were cut but none were planted. 这里none的意思是“没有一个，一个也不(没有)”，可以指人也可以指物，代替可数或不可数名词。如： None of us are perfect. 我们都不是十全十美的。none作主语代替可数名词时，谓语动词既可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式。如: None of them has (have) come back yet. 他们一个也没回来。如果none代替不可数名词，谓语动词只用单数形式，如：None of the money is his. 那笔钱一点也没有他的。注意下面对话里的用法：“How many cakes / How much salt did you buy yesterday?”“None.”
　　once a year每年一次；twice a year每年两次；three times a year每年三次 ；four times a year每年四次。注意：三次或三年以上用times；用“a”表示“每”，而不用 every，each。
　　thousands of…“成千上万”；hundreds of…“成百上千”；tens of thousands of …数十万；millions of…“千百万的，无数的”，dozens of… “好几十或成打的”。注意: 用这种不具体的数字表示时，hundred，thousand，million 等词用复数形式，后面搭配of。但如果指具体数字时，不加 s，如：two thousand trees / about ten thousand people
　　free ①免费 He gave me two free tickets for the concert. 他给了我两张免费的音乐会票。②空闲的 He enjoys collecting stamps in his free time. ③自由的You are not free to enter the chemistry lab. 你们不能随便进入化学实验室。又：“Is this seat free?”  “Yes, no one is using it.” Free也可作动词用：She freed the bird from the cage. (释放)
　　knock down撞倒，打倒，如：He knocked down a child when he hurried off. 他急着离去的时候撞倒了一个孩子。He was knocked down by a car. knock 注意knock的其它意思：Please knock at/on the door before entering.
　　rule ①名词“规则，规定，条例”，有很多搭配，如：carry out a rule 执行规则；follow the rule 遵守规则；keep the rule 遵守规则；work out a rule 制定规则；break a rule 违犯规则。 ②动词“统治，控制”，如：rule (over) a country 统治国家；rule one’s feelings控制感情。又：ruler 直尺、统治者
　　operate ①vt.开动；运行Do you know how to operate the tractor? 你会开拖拉机吗？②vt.实施；负责；经营This programme was operated mainly by women. 这个计划主要由妇女来实施。③vi.开刀，动手术The doctor will have to operate on him at once.
　　percent 注意谓语动词的数：Over seventy percent of the area is covered with trees. 这个地区百分之七十以上被树所覆盖。About sixty-five percent of the students in our class are League members. 我们班大约百分之六十五的学生是团员。
　　purpose目的；意图，如：For what purpose do you want to go to Canada? / He came here for the purpose of seeing you. on purpose 故意地、特意：The boy did it on purpose, of course.