高三英语复习笔记 Unit 6 Grade 1

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　　language tip
　　How long have you had it? 你买了多久了? 错：How long have you bought it? how long 指行为或状态持续多久，常与延续性动词连用，不能用表示“瞬间完成的短暂动作”的动词作谓语。现在完成时是表示持续的状态，像这样不与持续性时间状语连用的非延续性动词还有 come、go、join、leave、die、get to know、borrow等。如：How long may I keep the book? 这本书我能借多久？又：注意how long与how soon的区别：“How soon can you finish the project?”  “In two weeks.”   ★
　　take a look at (have a look at) 看一眼, 瞧一瞧。如：I took a quick look at the picture. 我迅速看了一眼这张照片。I took one look at the coat and decided to buy it. 我看了看这件外套并决定买下它。take与一个名词连用（此名词与动词同形），表示做某一个动作，常常可以和have互换。如：take/have a rest 休息；take/have tea 喝茶；take/have a rest 休息；take/have a break 暂停；take/have a bath 洗澡等等。
　　I say 一般用在口语中，放在句首，没有实在的意义，和汉语中的“喂”，“我说”一样，用来提醒对方注意，引出话题。如：I say, Lucy, what are you busy with? 哎，露西，你都忙些什么哪？I say, let's go shopping, shall we? 我说啊，咱们逛商场去，好不好？
　　go out for a drive 意思是“开车出去逗逗风”。这里的drive用作名词，前面的冠词a 通常不能省略。类似的有: go out for a walk/run。
　　穿：①put on: 注重穿戴的动作，如：He put on his hat and went out of the room. ②wear: 强调穿戴的状态，如：He is wearing a raincoat.③dress既可及物也可不及物，只表示穿衣，不用于穿鞋戴帽，如：Get up and dress quickly. 快起来穿衣服。dress作及物动词用时，它的宾语是人而不是衣服：The mother is dressing her baby. 妈妈正在给宝宝穿衣服。特别注意：He is always dressed in a blue jacket.  ★
　　do a lot of walking 走很多路。“do＋动名词”表示“干某事”的意思，有灵活的依法，如：I did a lot of reading last term.上学期我读了很多的书。Who does the cooking at home?家里谁做饭？She often helps her mother to do washing. 她经常帮妈妈洗衣服。
　　job 既可指固定的工作，也指临时的或某项具体的工作，可用不定冠词a来修饰，也可以有复数形式；work属于不可数名词，表示抽象、泛指的工作，不能用不定冠词a来修饰。如：There will be a great many new jobs for workers. 工人们将有许多新工作可做。 He has a job as a waiter. 他有一份服务员的工作。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. （英语谚语）只学习不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。Work must come first. 工作必须放在首位。搭配：take a job

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　　agree 意思是“同意，取得一致意见”，作及物动词时，后面通常跟名词、不定式或that引起的从句作宾语。如：I agree that your suggestion is quite good. 掌握与 agree 有关的短语：①agree on sth. 表示“（就事情某一方面）大家达成一致意见”： They agreed on a date for the next meeting. 他们就下次会议的日期达成了协议。②agree with sb/sth. 同意某人（的话，观点，想法，意见等）；与...一致，如：I really can't agree with you. / His words do not agree with his action. 他言行不一致。③agree to sth同意（赞成）提议、办法、计划：Do you think he will agree to our plan? ④agree to do sth. 表示“同意做某事”。如：He agreed to drive us home. 注意：不可说agree sb to do sth. 错：He agreed us to go home. 应为：He allowed us to go home.
　　at least最少、至少；at most/at the most 最多，如：He is at least fifty. 他至少有五十岁了。The gold watch was worth 100 dollars at most. 这块金表顶多值100美元。又：least是little的最高级：He has the least money of all of us. / There isn't the least wind today. 今天一点风也没有。
　　supply 意为“供给，供应，满足(需要)”，常用结构有: supply sth. to sb./ supply sb. with sth. 供给某人某物。例如: The shop supplies people with meat, eggs and milk. 那家商店供应肉、蛋和奶。Books supply knowledge to us. 书本为我们提供知识。These clothes will be supplied to the students in the flood area. 这些衣服将供给水灾地区的学生。 supply也可作名词：We have a good supply of water here.我们这里有充足的水供应。
　　plenty of 意思是“大量的，充足的”，后面既可接可数名词复数，也可接不可数名词，但仅限于肯定句。相应的疑问句和否定句分别用enough, many 或 much等。例如：There are plenty of eggs in the basket. 篮子里有许多鸡蛋。“Do you have enough books for each of us? 你们有足够的书供我们看吗？”“No, we have not many. 我们没有太多的书。” We have plenty of money. 我们有很多钱。They have not much food now. 他们现在的食物不多了。又：plenty 也可作名词：Plenty has been said on how to learn English well.
　　全部否定可以用none, no, neither, never等词来表示，如： None of us likes volleyball. 我们都不喜欢排球。部分否定用not与all, both, every, everyone, everywhere, everything, always等连用，not只能否定句子中的一部分。意思是“并非全部…，并不是所有的…”，如：Not every student likes volleyball. 不是每一个都学生都喜欢排球（对比：None of the students likes volleyball）。Not all factories  here produce noise. 这儿并不是所有的工厂都发出噪音。 Not all English people like fish and chips. 不是所有的英国人都喜欢吃炸鱼和土豆片。注意：not all 和no... 作主语时的区别。前者的意思是“并不是所有的...”(表示部分否定)，后者的意思是“所有的...都不”(表示全部否定)。试比较：Not all birds can fly. 不是所有的鸟都能飞。 No birds can fly. 所有的鸟都不能飞。
　　spend ①spend…on sth 在…用钱或时间：I spent half my money on books. 我一半的钱都用来买书。He doesn’t spend much time on his lessons. 他花在功课上的时间不多。②spend …(in) doing sth 花时间在…：He spent his whole life in looking after the poor. 他一生都用来照顾穷人。I spent nearly two hours working on this maths problem. 我在这条数学题上花了近两个小时的时间。③度过：He usually likes to spend his Sunday with me.
　　certain 某个，某些，既可修饰单数名词又可修饰复数名词：A certain person called on me yesterday. 昨天某个人拜访了我。Certain parts of the car will be supplied by other companies. 某些汽车部件将由其他公司提供。some 有时也可当“某个”讲，只能修饰单数名词，而且some前面也不用a（注意：certain修饰单数名词时，前面必须加a），如：Some person (=A certain person) called on me yesterday. 又：certain还解释“肯定；确信”：He is certain (= sure) to come. / It is certain (不可用sure) that two and two make four.
　　notice ①注意到 v. Did you notice the thief leave/leaving the house? (notice sb do sth 与see、watch等词一样，notice后接不带to的不定式) ②注意 n.. No one took any notice of what he said. 没有人注意到他所说的话。③布告；通知 n. He put up a notice on the wall. 他在墙上张贴了一份通知。
　　begin with 以…开始：The meeting began with the National Anthem. 会议以国歌开始。对比：We shall begin this lesson tomorrow morning. 明天早晨我们开始上这一课。We shall begin with this lesson tomorrow morning. 明天早晨我们先上这一课。又：To begin with, we must believe in ourselves. 首先，我们要相信自己。
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