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发表于 2016-7-4 04:03:48
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第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分 40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
MANCHESTER, England---Here is some good news for vegetarians that researchers in UMA Group have developed genetically engineered fruit trees that produce real meat!
Fruit from the new Meat Tree, developed by British scientists using the gene technology, is closely like ordinary grape-fruit. But when you cut the fruit open, inside is fresh beef!
"Our trees may sound like something out of a science fiction movie, but it's really true," declares Dr. Vincent, director of the UMA Group, which created the amazing trees."Vegetarians have been complaining for years that in spite of their firm belief against eating meat, they still desire the taste of meat once in a while. Now they can have their cake and eat in too."
Although it's taken 12 years to develop the trees, the idea is simple. "We take the genes from cattle and put them into cells of grape-fruit trees," Dr.Vincent says. "When the seeds grow into trees, they produce meat instead of ordinary fruit. You get the taste---even the smell."
Those who've tried the meat agree it tastes like the real thing. "I was a bit unwilling to believe at first when I sank my teeth into a hamburger after they told me it grew on a tree," says Londoner Mark, who took part in a taste-test. "But it was juicy and delicious-nothing leafy about it at all."
Meat Tree products could be on the market in Great Britain by the end of the year and on dinner plates in the U.S. by 2006. Some vegetarians insist they should never eat meat-even if it grew on a tree. Others love the idea. "My mouth is watering already," says a devoted vegetarian of 20 years.
56. According to what Dr. Vincent said, we know that ________.
A. vegetarians like to make a cake and enjoy it later
B. the idea of Meat Trees came from a science fiction movie
C. vegetarians can eat meat from the new trees
D. vegetarians can taste and even smell fruit from Meat Trees
57. In paragraph 5, the author took Mark for example to ________ .
A. show he is one of the devoted vegetarians
B. prove the real taste of fruit from Meat Trees
C. tell how a vegetarian eats the new fruit
D. to explain how the taste-test is given
58. By writing this passage, the author wants to ________.
A. show how gene technology develops
B. encourage people to eat fruit from Meat Trees
C. explain how hard to develop meat trees
D. tell readers good news about meat from trees
B
It is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean's largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered animal. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult, and visual (视觉的) sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior .
So biologists were delighted early this year when, with the help of the Navy, they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43 days, monitoring its sounds. This was possible because of the Navy's formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices covering the oceans.
Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian(平民的) scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the many years to track the ships of potential enemies.
Geologists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption for the first time and that they plan similar studies.
Other scientists have suggested using the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures.
The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second -slower than through land but faster than through air.
What is most important, different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds, focusing them in the same way a stethoscope does when it carries faint noises from a patient's chest to a doctor's ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low frequency ones,can often travel thousands of miles.
59.The passage is chiefly about ______.
A. the uncovering of a military (军事的) top-secret device
B. a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales
C. the civilian use of a military detection system
D. an effort to protect an endangered sea animal
60. The underwater listening system was originally designed______.
A. to monitor deep-sea volcanic eruptions
B. to search for and locate enemy ships
C. to study the movement of ocean currents
D. to replace the global radio communications network
61. It can be inferred from the passage that_______.
A. opinions differ about whether military technology should be allowed for civilian use
B. new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered animals
C. blue whales are no longer endangered with the new listening system
D. military technology has great potential in civilian use
62. Which of the following is true about the U.S. Navy underwater listening network?
A. It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists .
B. It has been replaced by a more advanced system.
C. It became useless to the military after the cold war.
D. It is so necessary to protecting endangered animals.
C
"Penn Station," I told the cab driver and got in. The young, heavy-set man looked friendly and we naturally started a conversation, which went from the weather and quickly varied into the struggles of a cab driver's life.
"What do you do besides your job?" he asked curiously. "I help a nonprofit organization trying to bring some goodness in the world," I responded. "Do they pay you well?" "Well, no, but I get by. I don't have many material things in life, but I've realized that I don't need all that to keep me happy. If I die tomorrow, I want to go out knowing that I've made a few people smile."
The young cab driver, perhaps in his late thirties, looked back through the sliding glass as if extending his hand for a hand shake-----"Man, it is nice to meet you." Although we were strangers, both of us felt deeply connected as human beings. And by now, 7 minutes into our ride, we were on a first-name basis. He even spelled his name for me: H-a-k-e-e-m.
Hakeem and I talked a bit about simple acts of generosity, the power of a pay-it-for-ward mindset and how that can promote trust and connection in our communities. He understood the idea, but it seemed very abstract and foreign to him.
We arrived at Penn Station and traded e-mail addresses after I paid my ride fare. As I was heading out, I turn to him and said, "Hakeem, here's a ＄20. Whenever you feel like it, you give a ride to people and tell them that someone before them has paid for their fare. See what happens."
Hearing this, Hakeem was visibly moved. "Really? Are you sure?"
63. The phrase "get by" in Paragraph Two probably means "__________".
A. receive some profits by helping the organization
B. receive no profit by helping the organization
C. gain some fame by helping the organization
D. gain some happiness by helping the organization
64. From the description that Hakeem looked back through the sliding glass, the author expects to indicate that _______.
A. Hakeem was inspired by his words
B. Hakeem didn't believe what he had said
C. Hakeem was carefully driving while talking with the author
D. Hakeem felt a little tired and wanted to shake his hand
65. Hakeem understood the idea of a pay-it-forward act_________.
A. as soon as the author had told him about it
B. after the author set an example to him
C. after he made some further explanations
D. after he saw a scene of it acted out
66. We can learn from the passage that the author's goal of an act of kindness was_______.
A. to help people in trouble B. to strengthen friendship among friends
C. to make people happy D. to contribute to people's trust and connection
D
To a large degree, the measure of our peace of mind is determined by how much we are able to live in the present moment. Regardless of what happened yesterday or last year, and what may or may not happen tomorrow, the present moment is where you are---always!
We allow past problems and future concerns to control our present moments so much that we end up anxious, frustrated, depressed, and hopeless. We often convince ourselves future will be better than today. John Lennon once said, "Life is what's happening while we're busy making other plans." "When we're busy making other plans", our children are busy growing up, the people we love are moving away and dying, our bodies are getting out of shape, and our dreams are slipping away. In short, we miss out on life.
Many people live as if life were a dress rehearsal for some later date. It isn't. In fact, no one has a guarantee that he or she will be here tomorrow. Now is the only time we have, and the only time that we have any control over. When our attention is in the present moment, we push fear from our minds. Fear is the concern over events that might happen in the future---we won't have enough money, our children will get into trouble, we will get ole and die, whatever.
To struggle against fear, the best strategy is to bring your attention back to the present. Mark Twain said, "I have been through some terrible things in my life, some of which actually happened." I don't think I can say it any better. Practice keeping your attention on the here and now and your efforts will pay off.
67. The purpose of the passage is to tell readers_________.
A. people who are busy making plans are living actively
B. how to help others overcome fear
C. we ought to learn to live in the present moment
D. someone who only enjoys the present time usually wastes his time blindly
68. It implies from the passage that ________.
A. many people know how to fight against fear
B. it isn't necessary to fear for future
C. you can gain more happiness by putting off your pleasure
D. some people make plans for their children to improve their lives
69. "Many people live as if life were a dress rehearsal" suggests that________.
A. they always wish to be an actor or an actress
B. they believe that their present life is well prepared for their future
C. they are always busy making plans for future
D. they all have a guarantee that they will be alive tomorrow
70. Why are some people depressed and anxious day and night?
A. Because they fear they cannot pass their tests.
B. Because past problems and future concerns control their present moment
C. Because the people they love want to leave them alone
D. Because they make some mistakes in the past
E
What cause traffic jams? That's easy: too many cars. No, wrong. Think again. What causes much of the jamming on our streets are traffic lights.
Think of all the hours in your life wasted as your car journey is stopped by lights to let non-existent traffic through, and then ask yourself this: who is the better judge of when it's safe to go---you, the driver at the time and the place, or lights programmed by an absent regulator(控制器)? Traffic lights exist as a "cure" for a man-made problem---the priority rule(优先通行法则). This rule gives superior rights on main-road traffic at the expense of minor-road traffic and pedestrians. To interrupt the priority streams, lights are "needed".
Before 1929 when the priority rule came into force, a sort of first-come, first-served rule had been common. All road users had equal rights, so a motorist arriving at a crossing gave way to anyone who had arrived first. Motorists had a simple responsibility for avoiding accidents, and a duty of care to other road users.
In other walks of life the common-law principle of single queuing applies, but the law of the road, based on the priority rule that licenses queue-jumping and bad temper, creates battlegrounds where we have to fight for gaps and green time.
But when lights are out of action---when we are free of outer controls and allowed to use our own judgment---harmonious attitudes become common. We approach slowly and find our way in turn. People are kind to each other, but when lights start working, traffic jams return.
The traffic lights encourage us to take our eyes off the road to watch the signal, rather than do the safer thing: weigh up what other motorists, cyclists or pedestrians are intending to do.
Not only do traffic lights help to lengthen journeys pointlessly, but also the UK's large number of 24-hour traffic lights amounts to GPH (严重的的全球性危害). About 30 percent of our CO2 output is from traffic. Professor David Begg, the influential traffic waiting. Every litre of fuel burnt produces 2.4kg of our CO2 and other greenhouse gases. Multiply the minutes of forced waiting at controlled lights by the hours in the day and night, by the days in the year, by the number of vehicles, and the environmental effect becomes clear.
71. In the writer's opinion, ______are the better judges to decide when it's safe to drive through.
A. traffic lights B. pedestrians C. policemen D. drivers
72. Before 1929, ________.
A. the priority rule started to be in use
B. the pedestrians often gave way to motorists
C. the motorists often gave way to the pedestrians
D. whoever came to the crossing first had the right to go past first
73. In the passage, the writer seems to disagree with________.
A. the law of road based on the priority rule
B. the equal rights shared by all road users
C. the common law of single queuing
D. the first-come, first-served rule
74. In the last paragraph, we can learn________.
A. traffic lights make the journey shorter
B. the number of the cars should be lessened.
C. traffic lights help to worsen the environment
D. 40％ of the CO2 output is from the traffic waiting
75. The purpose of the passage is to _______.
A. call out to stop the traffic lights
B. complain about the heavy traffic
C. explain how cars pollute the environment
D. call on drivers to give way to other road users
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